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<div style="border: solid 1px #cccccc; width:448px; background-color:white; margin:10px 0px;";><table border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="448"><tr><td class=tablot background="http://i.yimg.jp/i/jp/pim/gr/gr_announce_1.gif" valign=center height=57><big style="padding:10px;">$B?7$7$$%a!<%k%"%I%l%9$r$*CN$i$;$7$^$9(B</big></td></tr></table><div style="padding:10px;">$B?7$7$$%a!<%k%"%I%l%9!'(B <b>bm12820032003@yahoo.co.jp</b><br><br><span style="color:green;">Fund transfer,<br><br><br>This is Engineer Ibrahim Wahala from Ivory Coast and I need your assistance <br><br>in the immediate transfer of USD $ 2.2 Million Dollars. I want you to reply <br><br>with your direct phone number for talks or Call me on +225 0630 7426. I am <br><br>waiting for your reply.</span><br><br>- <span style="color:green;">From Engineer Ibrahim Wahala</span></div></div>
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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sun Aug 05 22:38:52 2007
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From: "Jan Klod" <janklodvan@gmail.com>
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Subject: initramfs and loop-aes
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Hallo,

I have a question about loop-aes readme by Jari: is it assumed there that no
initramfs is used when booting kernel (before loop-aes setup, that use
initrd.gz)?
If so, how to deal with those initramfs images necessary to boot?
As I can't make it work, I am reading about how to create initramfs to
modprobe loop and losetup root file system... (How about losetup and mount
run time dependencies?)

I would advise to all those who try this to work with two equal partitions
or two hard drives, because it's possible that root encryption fails and
then if one has only created backup of some information not OS, he might
become really upset!

Jan

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Hallo,<br><br>I have a question about loop-aes readme by Jari: is it assumed there that no initramfs is used when booting kernel (before loop-aes setup, that use initrd.gz)?<br>If so, how to deal with those initramfs images necessary to boot?
<br>As I can&#39;t make it work, I am reading about how to create initramfs to modprobe loop and losetup root file system... (How about losetup and mount run time dependencies?)<br><br>I would advise to all those who try this to work with two equal partitions or two hard drives, because it&#39;s possible that root encryption fails and then if one has only created backup of some information not OS, he might become really upset!
<br><br>Jan<br>

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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sun Aug 05 23:03:53 2007
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Subject: Re: initramfs and loop-aes
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"Jan Klod" <janklodvan@gmail.com> wrote:
> I have a question about loop-aes readme by Jari: is it assumed there that
> no
> initramfs is used when booting kernel (before loop-aes setup, that use
> initrd.gz)?

Root encryption requires a kernel which can boot the system *without* an initial ramdisk. This means you have to assure support for things like ext2/3, IDE or SATA and such is built into the kernel. Most linux distros ship with kernels failing to meet this requirement so you will therefore have to recompile them from source. To see if a kernel is suitable simply omit the initial ramdisk in your bootloader configuration.

> If so, how to deal with those initramfs images necessary to boot?

Common linux distros like SuSE, Ubuntu... create an initial ramdisk as part of their installation routine. This has to be done since the same kernel image is used for a wider variety of computers. For root encryption you have to assure that every single of theses drivers gets built into your kernel because this initial ramdisk will not be at hand any longer!


> As I can't make it work, I am reading about how to create initramfs to
> modprobe loop and losetup root file system... (How about losetup and mount
> run time dependencies?)

Loop-aes comes with a script called built-initrd.sh which takes care of everything concerning your new initial ramdisk. Configure the script in an editor properly, run it, an you will receive a working initial ramdisk just for your system. In case you change partitions or drives you will have to adapt & re-run this script.

In case you have more questions just ask. You are free to provide configuration files giving others the opportunity to take a closer look at your discomforts.

Kind regards,
Peter
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From: "Jan Klod" <janklodvan@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: initramfs and loop-aes
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>To see if a kernel is suitable simply omit the initial ramdisk in your
bootloader configuration.
Thank you, this helped! I just had to change my grub.conf like this:

title=test
root (hd0,4)
kernel /boot/kernel- genkernel-x86-2.6.20-suspend2-r6 root=/dev/sda5
#root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc ramdisk=4096 real_root=/dev/sda5
resume2=swap:/dev/sda6 doscsi
#initrd /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.20-suspend2-r6

It seams strange that root encryption failed anyway.
I used my own way to finish encrypted root setup:

    1.  when booted from livecd, I copied all my genoo filesystem (ext3) to
another partition on same disk, to convert to reiserfs and test if that
works - it worked O.K.
    2.  booted my ext3 system and changed all necessary things for root
encryption in reiserfs partition. (I changed DESTINATIONROOT=/mnt/sda5 in
build-initrd.sh)
    3.  created bootable USB.
    4.  set up encrypted partiton in my second hard drive and copied files
from prepared reiserfs partition on first hdd. (I could do this, using dd
command even faster than copying separate files, but that came across my
mind later)

Could this make any problem?

I'm happy that I can boot my kernel without initramfs now, but, as I am
planning to use hibernation, I would like to know if I can avoid initramfs
then (for example following Alon Bar-Lev's how-to)?

PS: it took me almost one month to build correctly configured kernel!! There
are really many possible options and I had to read a lot especially because
I didn't knew much about kernel and hardware... Also, I didn't wanted to
include anything unnecessary in my kernel.

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<span class="q">&gt;To see if a kernel is suitable simply omit the initial ramdisk in your bootloader configuration.<br></span>Thank you, this helped! I just had to change my grub.conf like this:<br><br>title=test<br>root (hd0,4)
<br>kernel /boot/kernel-
genkernel-x86-2.6.20-suspend2<div id="mb_2">-r6 root=/dev/sda5<br>#root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc ramdisk=4096 real_root=/dev/sda5 resume2=swap:/dev/sda6 doscsi<br>#initrd /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.20-suspend2-r6<br>
<br>It seams strange that root encryption failed anyway.
<br>I used my own way to finish encrypted root setup: <br><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1.&nbsp;
when booted from livecd, I copied all my genoo filesystem (ext3) to
another partition on same disk, to convert to reiserfs and test if that
works - it worked O.K.<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2.&nbsp; booted my ext3 system and changed all necessary things
for root encryption in reiserfs partition. (I changed
DESTINATIONROOT=/mnt/sda5 in build-initrd.sh)<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.&nbsp; created bootable USB.<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
4.&nbsp; set up encrypted partiton in my second hard drive and copied files
from prepared reiserfs partition on first hdd. (I could do this, using
dd command even faster than copying separate files, but that came
across my mind later)
<br><br>Could this make any problem?<br><br>I&#39;m happy that I can boot
my kernel without initramfs now, but, as I am planning to use
hibernation, I would like to know if I can avoid initramfs then (for
example following Alon Bar-Lev&#39;s how-to)?
<br><br>PS: it took me almost one month to build correctly configured
kernel!! There are really many possible options and I had to read a lot
especially because I didn&#39;t knew much about kernel and hardware...
Also, I didn&#39;t wanted to include anything unnecessary in my kernel.
</div>

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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/



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Date: Mon, 6 Aug 2007 22:24:35 +0300
From: "Jan Klod" <janklodvan@gmail.com>
To: linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: initramfs and loop-aes
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After repeating loop-aes setup I'm sure, that it should work, but it
doesn't. I'll give you all configurations:

I'm using gentoo with suspend2-sources kernel v. 2.6.20, compiled loop-AES
v3.2a, dietlibc 0.30, util-linux 2.12r.
When booting from USB flashdrive, kernel boots ok until this:

RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
Replacing swsusp.
No storage allocator is currently active. Rechecking weather we can use one.

Compression Driver: Argh! Nothing follows me in the pipeline!
Compressor didn't initialise okay.
Suspend2: Initialise modules failed!
VFS: Mounted root (minix filesystem) readonly.
Mounting /dev/sdc as /lib failed
md: stopping all md devices.
.
.
System halted.
.
.
(follow some suspend2 related messages)
Note that equal output comes if there is no encrypted root (I switch my sata
drives sata1,sata2 <-> sda, sdb). No password is asked.


--configurations--

syslinux.cfg:
default linux
timeout 0
prompt 0
label linux
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.gz root=100 init=/linuxrc rootfstype=minix


build-initrd.sh :
USEDEVFS=0
USEPIVOT=1
BOOTDEV=/dev/sdc
BOOTTYPE=vfat
CRYPTROOT=/dev/sda1
ROOTTYPE=reiserfs
CIPHERTYPE=AES128
LOINIT="-I 0"
USEGPGKEY=1
GPGKEYFILE=keyfile
EXTERNALGPGFILES=0
EXTERNALGPGDEV=/dev/fd0
EXTERNALGPGTYPE=ext2
USEMODULE=1
INITRDONLY=0
SOURCEROOT=
DESTINATIONROOT=
DESTINATIONPREFIX=/boot
INITRDGZNAME=initrd.gz
ROOTLOOPINDEX=5
TEMPLOOPINDEX=7
LOOPMODPARAMS=""
UTF8KEYBMODE=0
LOADNATIONALKEYB=0
INITIALDELAY=0
MOUNTDELAY=0
TOOLSPROMPT=0
USEROOTSETUP=0
USEDIETLIBC=1

initrd.conf:
BOOTDEV=/dev/sdc            # partitionless USB-stick device
BOOTTYPE=vfat
CRYPTROOT=/dev/sda1
ROOTTYPE=reiserfs
CIPHERTYPE=AES128
LOADNATIONALKEYB=0
INITIALDELAY=0

/etc/fstab:
/dev/sda2    none            swap     sw,loop=/dev/loop6, encryption=AES128
0 0
/dev/loop5    /         reiserfs defaults      0 1
none            /proc         proc     defaults        0 0
none            /dev/shm      tmpfs    defaults        0 0


USB flashdisk directory:
modules-2.6.20-suspend2-r6 ---> loop.ko
aespipe
gpg
initrd.conf
initrd.gz
insmod
ld-linux.so.2
ldlinux.sys
libc.so.6
libz.so.1
keyfile
losetup
syslinux.cfg
System.map-2.6.20-suspend2-r6
vmlinuz

kernel configuration is in attachment.
I would really appreciate some help!

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After repeating loop-aes setup I&#39;m sure, that it should work, but it doesn&#39;t. I&#39;ll give you all configurations:<br><br>I&#39;m using gentoo with suspend2-sources kernel v. 2.6.20, compiled loop-AES v3.2a, dietlibc 
0.30, util-linux 2.12r.<br>When booting from USB flashdrive, kernel boots ok until this:<br><br>RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0 <br>Replacing swsusp.<br>No storage allocator is currently active. Rechecking weather we can use one.
<br>Compression Driver: Argh! Nothing follows me in the pipeline!<br>Compressor didn&#39;t initialise okay.<br>Suspend2: Initialise modules failed!<br>VFS: Mounted root (minix filesystem) readonly.<br>Mounting /dev/sdc as /lib failed
<br>md: stopping all md devices.<br>.<br>.<br>System halted.<br>.<br>.<br>(follow some suspend2 related messages)<br>Note that equal output comes if there is no encrypted root (I switch my sata drives sata1,sata2 &lt;-&gt; sda, sdb).
No password is asked.<br><br><br>--configurations--<br><br>syslinux.cfg:<br>default linux<br>timeout 0<br>prompt 0<br>label linux<br>kernel vmlinuz<br>append initrd=initrd.gz root=100 init=/linuxrc rootfstype=minix <br><br>
<br>build-initrd.sh
:<br>USEDEVFS=0<br>USEPIVOT=1<br>BOOTDEV=/dev/sdc<br>BOOTTYPE=vfat<br>CRYPTROOT=/dev/sda1<br>ROOTTYPE=reiserfs<br>CIPHERTYPE=AES128<br>LOINIT=&quot;-I 0&quot;<br>USEGPGKEY=1<br>GPGKEYFILE=keyfile<br>EXTERNALGPGFILES=0<br>

EXTERNALGPGDEV=/dev/fd0<br>EXTERNALGPGTYPE=ext2<br>USEMODULE=1<br>INITRDONLY=0<br>SOURCEROOT=<br>DESTINATIONROOT=<br>DESTINATIONPREFIX=/boot<br>INITRDGZNAME=initrd.gz<br>ROOTLOOPINDEX=5<br>TEMPLOOPINDEX=7<br>LOOPMODPARAMS=&quot;&quot;
<br>UTF8KEYBMODE=0<br>LOADNATIONALKEYB=0<br>INITIALDELAY=0<br>MOUNTDELAY=0<br>TOOLSPROMPT=0<br>USEROOTSETUP=0<br>USEDIETLIBC=1<br><br>
initrd.conf:<br>
BOOTDEV=/dev/sdc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # partitionless USB-stick device<br>
BOOTTYPE=vfat<br>
CRYPTROOT=/dev/sda1<br>
ROOTTYPE=reiserfs<br>
CIPHERTYPE=AES128<br>
LOADNATIONALKEYB=0<br>
INITIALDELAY=0<br>
<br>/etc/fstab:<br>/dev/sda2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; none&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; swap&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sw,loop=/dev/loop6, encryption=AES128 0 0
<br>/dev/loop5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; reiserfs defaults &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;0 1<br>none&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /proc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; proc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; defaults&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 0<br>none&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /dev/shm&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tmpfs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; defaults&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 0<br><br><br>USB flashdisk directory:<br>modules-2.6.20-suspend2-r6
 ---&gt; loop.ko<br>aespipe<br>gpg<br>initrd.conf<br>initrd.gz<br>insmod<br>ld-linux.so.2<br>ldlinux.sys<br>libc.so.6<br>libz.so.1<br>keyfile<br>losetup<br>syslinux.cfg<br>System.map-2.6.20-suspend2-r6<br>vmlinuz<br><br>kernel configuration is in attachment.
<br>I would really appreciate some help!<br>

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------=_Part_127925_7734952.1186428275952--

-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/



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Date: Mon, 6 Aug 2007 22:38:18 +0300
From: "Alon Bar-Lev" <alon.barlev@gmail.com>
To: "Jan Klod" <janklodvan@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: initramfs and loop-aes
Cc: linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
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On 8/6/07, Jan Klod <janklodvan@gmail.com> wrote:
> After repeating loop-aes setup I'm sure, that it should work, but it
> doesn't. I'll give you all configurations:

Please review the following, maybe it will help you:
http://wiki.tuxonice.net/EncryptedSwapAndRoot

Best Regards,
Alon Bar-Lev.

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"Jan Klod" <janklodvan@gmail.com> wrote:
> When booting from USB flashdrive, kernel boots ok until this:
> 
> RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
> Replacing swsusp.
> No storage allocator is currently active. Rechecking weather we can use
> one.
> 
> Compression Driver: Argh! Nothing follows me in the pipeline!
> Compressor didn't initialise okay.
> Suspend2: Initialise modules failed!
> VFS: Mounted root (minix filesystem) readonly.
> Mounting /dev/sdc as /lib failed
> md: stopping all md devices.

Looks you are starting from removable USB drive. Good idea! I am not familiar with loop-aes in connection with software suspend/hibernate but as you fail to reach the point where the pass phrase is asked I come to remember difficulties I had...
Could you verify that your two sata drives are assigned as /dev/sda and sdb? How about the USB drive? The usb part of the kernel posts plenty of messages even *before* a partition is mounted. Since your setup fails to mount /dev/sdc it might be a timing problem. I am uncertain but I suggest you increase the delay for usb devices in the built-intrd.sh and make up a new initial ramdisk

INITIALDELAY=0 -> 3 to 10

This aims to mount /dev/sdc as /lib so that the passphrase will be asked. Delay of USB devices is hardware specific and needs some tweaks. Kernel should post messages about manufacturer/capacity of the medium *before* it gets mounted.
Give it a try! It may also be an issue of this software suspend which I am not familiar with. But anyway, you have to make the kernel mount this USB drive.

Best regards,
Peter
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Subject: Help booting a gpg encrypted loop-aes backed root partition
From: "Jivko Sabev" <jsabev@nicmus.com>
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Hi

I have been trying to boot my loop-aes backed gpg encrypted root partitio=
n
with no success. I know the partition is alright as I can mount it using =
a
rescue cd such as knoppix or from my unencrypted temporary root. I have
followed the README file in loop-AES directory step by step but no avail.

When the system boots, it just sits after uncompressing the initrd image.
There is no error message printed and no password prompt. It sits there
forever. The last message it prints is something of the sort

compressed ram image found at 0. Mounting root fs minixfs filesystem

or something similar but it never goes any further.

I am using a custom compiled kernel (2.6.22.1) with the following relevan=
t
config options:

CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM=3Dy
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM_SIZE=3D4096
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD=3Dy
CONFIG_MINIX_FS=3Dy
CONFIG_PROC_FS=3Dy
USEDIETLIBC=3D1
# CONFIG_CRAMFS is not set
CONFIG_EXT2_FS=3Dy
CONFIG_EXT3_FS=3Dy

Note the system detects the hds correctly as the chipset drivers are
compiled in and I can see them being detected on boot.

I am using loop-AES-3.2a and the actual loop device is fine - i.e. make
tests is ok.

The contents of my build-inittrd.sh file are as follows:

USEDEVFS=3D0
USEPIVOT=3D1
BOOTDEV=3D/dev/hda1
BOOTTYPE=3Dext2
CRYPTROOT=3D/dev/hda2
ROOTTYPE=3Dext3
LOINIT=3D"-I 0"
USEGPGKEY=3D1
GPGKEYFILE=3Drootkey.gpg
EXTERNALGPGFILES=3D0
USEMODULE=3D1
INITRDONLY=3D0
ROOTLOOPINDEX=3D5
TEMPLOOPINDEX=3D7
DESTINATIONPREFIX=3D/boot

I don't know if it is relevant but it is running on a heavily modified
ubuntu 7.04.

Any help is greatly appreciated.

Regards,

Jivko







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* Jivko Sabev <jsabev@nicmus.com> wrote:

> # CONFIG_CRAMFS is not set

try again with CONFIG_CRAMFS=3Dy

I have it set for my kernels and root encryption.

--=20
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Date: Tue, 7 Aug 2007 13:22:21 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Help booting a gpg encrypted loop-aes backed root partition
From: "Jivko Sabev" <jsabev@nicmus.com>
To: linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
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Having

CONFIG_CRAMFS=3Dy

does not change anything. Exactly the same problem as before. Namely boot
process hangs after finding the compressed ram image. There are no errors
reported.

Has anyone experienced this and been able to resolve the issue.

Regards,

Jivko



> * Jivko Sabev <jsabev@nicmus.com> wrote:
>
>> # CONFIG_CRAMFS is not set
>
> try again with CONFIG_CRAMFS=3Dy
>
> I have it set for my kernels and root encryption.



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Date: Tue, 7 Aug 2007 12:52:17 -0500
From: RB <aoz.syn@gmail.com>
To: "Jivko Sabev" <jsabev@nicmus.com>
Subject: Re: Help booting a gpg encrypted loop-aes backed root partition
Cc: linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
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What console are you using?  Looks to me like you're hooked up to the
VGA console, but the bootloader/initrd set their output to a serial
console, or vice versa.

Are you sure it hangs?  Is there a kernel panic (i.e. num, scroll, &
caps locks blink in unison), does an expected service not come up,
or...?

If you haven't disabled it, try hitting 'ctrl-alt-del' when you think
you have it hung - chances are you'll get a summary reboot, indicating
your console is pointing where you don't expect it or can't see it.
There are other things that could cause this problem (or cause
ctrl-alt-del to fail), but the most likely explanation is your
'console=' kernel argument.


RB

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Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/



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* Jivko Sabev <jsabev@nicmus.com> wrote:

> Has anyone experienced this and been able to resolve the issue.

Hm. <tm>

Apart from the console issue RB described (which should not happen at
all, but I don't know Ubuntu), it could be related to pivot mode and
kernel boot parameters. I don't use pivot mode, here's my config:

#initrd.conf
INITRDONLY=3D0
USEPIVOT=3D0
USEDEVFS=3D0
BOOTDEV=3D/dev/hdc            # CDROM
BOOTTYPE=3Diso9660            # lowercase matters
CRYPTROOT=3D/dev/hda2
GPGKEYFILE=3Drootkey.gpg
ROOTTYPE=3Dext3
CIPHERTYPE=3DAES128
LOADNATIONALKEYB=3D1
INITIALDELAY=3D0
DESTINATIONPREFIX=3D/boot/iso
INITRDGZNAME=3Dinitrd.gz

#isolinux.cfg
default test
timeout 100
prompt 1

label test
kernel test2621.5
append initrd=3Dinitrd.gz root=3D/dev/hda2


HTH

--=20
left blank, right bald

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From: Jari Ruusu <jariruusu@users.sourceforge.net>
To: Jivko Sabev <jsabev@nicmus.com>
Cc: linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: Help booting a gpg encrypted loop-aes backed root partition
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Jivko Sabev wrote:
> Having
> 
> CONFIG_CRAMFS=y
> 
> does not change anything. Exactly the same problem as before. Namely boot
> process hangs after finding the compressed ram image. There are no errors
> reported.

The reason why loop-AES README says CONFIG_CRAMFS=n is because long time ago
someone had problems with it when cramfs tried to "probe" if root file
system type was cramfs. While doing that, cramfs also damaged the initrd
data sufficiently badly that minix file system could not mount it any more.
The workaround was to disable cramfs, or to specify rootfstype=minix kernel
parameter. That rootfstype=minix kernel parameter disables attempts to mount
using all built-in file systems, so cramfs no longer got a chance to
probe/damage the initrd data.

You provided some data about your setup, but something is still missing.
Your bootloader configuration, and specifically what parameters get passed
to kernel when it boots is important. Please provide that info.

Can you also modify your build-initrd.sh config so that

TOOLSPROMPT=1

is set there? Then build new initrd. It doesn't do much other than ask you
to press ENTER key when initrd code begins to run. At least you get to know
if it got that far.

Also, can you verify that dietlibc is working ok? Like this:

$ printf '#include <unistd.h>\nint main(){write(1,"hello\\n",6);}\n' >xxx.c
$ diet gcc -O2 -s xxx.c
$ ./a.out
hello
$ 

-- 
Jari Ruusu  1024R/3A220F51 5B 4B F9 BB D3 3F 52 E9  DB 1D EB E3 24 0E A9 DD

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From: Jari Ruusu <jariruusu@users.sourceforge.net>
To: Jan Klod <janklodvan@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: initramfs and loop-aes
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Jan Klod wrote:
> VFS: Mounted root (minix filesystem) readonly.
> Mounting /dev/sdc as /lib failed

Above 'failed' message comes from initrd code running. Meaning:

1) bootloader loaded kernel and initrd ok
2) kernel booted ok
3) initrd code started running ok

The remaining problem is why USB device mount failed.

Kernel may start running initrd code before USB devices are detected. You
may say that your computer booted from USB so USB is ok. Well.. that was
computer's BIOS and bootloader that accessed that USB device, not linux
kernel. Linux kernel also needs to recognize those devices before those
devices "exist" to linux kernel. That may take some time when kernel chats
with USB devices and becomes convinced that they exists.

The fix is to tell initrd code to wait few seconds before it attempts to
mount any USB device. This can be achieved by setting

INITIALDELAY=3

in your build-initrd.sh configuration. That waits 3 seconds.

[ Peter_22@gmx.de provided almost same info yesterday, but I haven't seen
  any "solved" messages from you yet ]

-- 
Jari Ruusu  1024R/3A220F51 5B 4B F9 BB D3 3F 52 E9  DB 1D EB E3 24 0E A9 DD

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Thanks to Peter_22@gmx.de and Jari!
Now I've just booted in encrypted root for first time!
You are right, it takes some time for kernel to find USB device.

INITIALDELAY=10 just worked good, 3 was to less. I think 4s could be good
for me.

Sorry for delay, I had some problems with reiserfs. I agree, it would be
better to answer sooner, but I wanted to complete this loop-aes thing.
Jari, I am really grateful about loop-aes!

Best wishes,
Jan

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Thanks to <a onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)" href="mailto:Peter_22@gmx.de">Peter_22@gmx.de</a> and Jari!<br>Now I&#39;ve just booted in encrypted root for first time!<br>You are right, it takes some time for kernel to find USB device.
<br><br>INITIALDELAY=10 just worked good, 3 was to less. I think 4s could be good for me.<br><br>Sorry for delay, I had some problems with reiserfs. I agree, it would be better to answer sooner, but I wanted to complete this loop-aes thing.
<br>Jari, I am really grateful about loop-aes! <br><br>Best wishes,<br>Jan<br>

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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/



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From: "Jan Klod" <janklodvan@gmail.com>
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>
> INITIALDELAY=10 just worked good, 3 was to less. I think 4s could be good
> for me.
>

..and one more thing: if use command ./build-initrd.sh /boot/initrd.conf, it
is not necessary to change INITIALDELAY option in build-initrd.sh (only
initrd.conf makes sense then). Probably initrd.conf is not really necessary,
because it doesn't changed delay w/o remaking initrd.gz.

Jan

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<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">INITIALDELAY=10 just worked good, 3 was to less. I think 4s could be good for me.<br></blockquote>

<br>..and one more thing: if use command ./build-initrd.sh /boot/initrd.conf, it is not necessary to change INITIALDELAY option in build-initrd.sh (only initrd.conf makes sense then). Probably initrd.conf is not really necessary, because it doesn&#39;t changed delay w/o remaking 
initrd.gz.<br><br>Jan<br>

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Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/



From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Wed Aug 08 14:21:15 2007
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Date: Wed, 8 Aug 2007 08:19:51 -0400 (EDT)
Subject: Re: Help booting a gpg encrypted loop-aes backed root partition
From: "Jivko Sabev" <jsabev@nicmus.com>
To: linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
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Jari, thank you for your suggestion.

However, the problem persists. I did set TOOLSPROMT=3D1 and rebuild my
initrd but the boot process hangs at exactly the same place as up until
now. It doesn't ask to press enter. The last message it prints is:

RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
VFS: Mounted root (minix filesystem) readonly
Freeing unused kernel memory: 192k free

and it just sits there. Note that it doesn't freeze - there is no kernel
panic and it accepts input from the keyboard. It echos characters typed o=
n
the console and you can reboot by <ctrl><alt><del>.

My Grub configuration is pretty standard as per build-init-rd.sh
instructions. Namely:

title Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.22.1 Encrypted
root  (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.22.1 root=3D100 init=3D/linuxrc rootfstype=3Dminix
initrd /initrd-crypt.gz

I did verify dietlibc and it is working fine.

Regards,

Jivko

> Jivko Sabev wrote:
>
> <snip>
>
> You provided some data about your setup, but something is still missing=
.
> Your bootloader configuration, and specifically what parameters get pas=
sed
> to kernel when it boots is important. Please provide that info.
>
> Can you also modify your build-initrd.sh config so that
>
> TOOLSPROMPT=3D1
>
> is set there? Then build new initrd. It doesn't do much other than ask =
you
> to press ENTER key when initrd code begins to run. At least you get to
> know
> if it got that far.
>
> Also, can you verify that dietlibc is working ok? Like this:
>
> $ printf '#include <unistd.h>\nint main(){write(1,"hello\\n",6);}\n'
> >xxx.c
> $ diet gcc -O2 -s xxx.c
> $ ./a.out
> hello
> $
>
> --
> Jari Ruusu  1024R/3A220F51 5B 4B F9 BB D3 3F 52 E9  DB 1D EB E3 24 0E A=
9
> DD
>
> -
> Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
> Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/
>
>
>



-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/



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Date: Wed, 8 Aug 2007 07:41:59 -0500
From: RB <aoz.syn@gmail.com>
To: "Jivko Sabev" <jsabev@nicmus.com>
Subject: Re: Help booting a gpg encrypted loop-aes backed root partition
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> kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.22.1 root=100 init=/linuxrc rootfstype=minix

This looks right; I would suggest trying adding 'console=tty1' (see
Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt) just to make your using the VGA
console explicit rather than implied.

You should be seeing all the kernel boot-time messages scroll by,
unless you have some redirection like bootsplash going on; if not, I
would think you are missing some console option - consider posting
your video hardware, the output of 'grep CONSOLE .config', and 'grep
_FB_ .config'.  At this point, it would also be fruitful to tell us if
you're using the vanilla kernel.org sources, a patched set from
Ubuntu, or otherwise (I use Gentoo's hardened-sources, myself).

If you know where your boot-time kernel messages are going and are
okay with that, then my next suspect would be the actual init process
- i.e., it's starting, but freezing at some point.  That, I'm not sure
I can help you with.


RB

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From: Jari Ruusu <jariruusu@users.sourceforge.net>
To: Jivko Sabev <jsabev@nicmus.com>
Cc: linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: Help booting a gpg encrypted loop-aes backed root partition
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Jivko Sabev wrote:
> However, the problem persists. I did set TOOLSPROMT=1 and rebuild my
> initrd but the boot process hangs at exactly the same place as up until
> now. It doesn't ask to press enter. The last message it prints is:
> 
> RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
> VFS: Mounted root (minix filesystem) readonly
> Freeing unused kernel memory: 192k free
> 
> and it just sits there. Note that it doesn't freeze - there is no kernel
> panic and it accepts input from the keyboard. It echos characters typed on
> the console and you can reboot by <ctrl><alt><del>.

Either your kernel does not run initrd code, or initrd is somehow messed up
and is unrunnable. Can you send me your full compressed kernel config, and a
copy of your initrd.gz file?

I did spot one inconsistency: Your build-initrd.sh config creates initrd.gz
file, and your bootloader config loads initrd-crypt.gz file. Are you sure
that bootloader is actually loading correct initrd file?

-- 
Jari Ruusu  1024R/3A220F51 5B 4B F9 BB D3 3F 52 E9  DB 1D EB E3 24 0E A9 DD

-
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* Jari Ruusu <jariruusu@users.sourceforge.net> wrote:

> Either your kernel does not run initrd code, or initrd is somehow
> messed up and is unrunnable. Can you send me your full compressed
> kernel config, and a copy of your initrd.gz file?

When I was setting up root encryption on some machines with different
kernel versions I ran into problems with pivot mode. On some it
worked, on most it didn't, so I'm not using it for new setups these
days. I remembered there was some talk on LKML about it, here's the
link:

http://lkml.org/lkml/2007/06/24/130

Jivko, have you tried using an initrd with USEPIVOT=3D0? Don't forget
to adapt kernel boot parameters.

--=20
left blank, right bald

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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/



From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Thu Aug 09 06:08:06 2007
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From: Jivko Sabev <jsabev@nicmus.com>
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Subject: Re: Help booting a gpg encrypted loop-aes backed root partition
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Thanks for all your suggestions.

I have been experimenting with the various approaches with little success.

Passing the boot parameter console=tty (or console=tty1) as RB suggested
does not help. By the way, I am using a vanilla kernel straight from
kernel.org. Prior to that, I was using an ubuntu-sources kernel but
having had the same problem I thought that maybe the issue was due to
some ubuntu specific patch to the kernel.

grep CONSOLE .config outputs

# CONFIG_NETCONSOLE is not set
CONFIG_VT_CONSOLE=y
CONFIG_HW_CONSOLE=y
CONFIG_VT_HW_CONSOLE_BINDING=y
CONFIG_SERIAL_8250_CONSOLE=y
CONFIG_SERIAL_CORE_CONSOLE=y
# CONFIG_LP_CONSOLE is not set
CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE=y
CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE=y

grep _FB_ .config doesn't output anything as I do not have any Frame
Buffer support enabled.

Setting

USEPIVOT=0

as per Markus' suggestion and rebuilding the initrd image results in a
kernel panic after reboot with the following grub configuration (taken
from the build-initrd.sh comments)

title           Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.22.1vanila Encrypted No Pivot
root            (hd0,0)
kernel          /vmlinuz-2.6.22.1vanila ro root=101 console=tty
initrd          /initrd-crypt.gz

(initrd-crypt.gz is the correct initrd image. I have set
INITRDGZNAME=initrd-crypt.gz)


The kernel panic seemed due to the initrd image not being able to mount
root - i.e. last messages printed to the console are:

List of All Partitions:
0300 78150744 hda driver ide-disk
0301 64228 hda1
0302 76172197 hda2
0303 1911735 hda3
No filesystems can mount root tried ext2 ext3 minix
Kernel panic - not syncing
VFS: unable to mount rootfs on unknow-block(1,1)


hda1 is boot initialised as ext2, hda2 is root initialised as ext3. I
find this kind of strange as I have the chipset drivers compiled in and
ext2 and ext3 compiled in the kernel as well. I can see the kernel
detecting the hds correctly before panicking.


Regards,

Jivko


markus reichelt wrote:
> * Jari Ruusu <jariruusu@users.sourceforge.net> wrote:
>
>   
>> Either your kernel does not run initrd code, or initrd is somehow
>> messed up and is unrunnable. Can you send me your full compressed
>> kernel config, and a copy of your initrd.gz file?
>>     
>
> When I was setting up root encryption on some machines with different
> kernel versions I ran into problems with pivot mode. On some it
> worked, on most it didn't, so I'm not using it for new setups these
> days. I remembered there was some talk on LKML about it, here's the
> link:
>
> http://lkml.org/lkml/2007/06/24/130
>
> Jivko, have you tried using an initrd with USEPIVOT=0? Don't forget
> to adapt kernel boot parameters.
>
>   

-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/



From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Thu Aug 09 19:48:47 2007
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From: Jari Ruusu <jariruusu@users.sourceforge.net>
To: Jivko Sabev <jsabev@nicmus.com>
Cc: linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: Help booting a gpg encrypted loop-aes backed root partition
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Jivko Sabev wrote:
> Passing the boot parameter console=tty (or console=tty1) as RB suggested
> does not help.

If console was redirected elsewhere, you would not be seeing these messages:

RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
VFS: Mounted root (minix filesystem) readonly
Freeing unused kernel memory: 192k free

So it is not console redirection issue.

> Setting
> 
> USEPIVOT=0

pivot_root is used after encrypted root file system has been mounted. So
this is not a problem with pivot_root system call. Your encrypted-root-boot
doesn't get that far, yet.

> title           Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.22.1vanila Encrypted No Pivot
> root            (hd0,0)
> kernel          /vmlinuz-2.6.22.1vanila ro root=101 console=tty
> initrd          /initrd-crypt.gz
[snip]
> No filesystems can mount root tried ext2 ext3 minix
> Kernel panic - not syncing
> VFS: unable to mount rootfs on unknow-block(1,1)

Did you see a password prompt before kernel panic?


I quickly looked at kernel config that you sent me privately. I didn't see
anything wrong with it.

I also disassembled the /linuxrc program binary that was inside
initrd-crypt.gz that you sent me. It seems to be linked to some older
version of dietlibc. I looked at first few systems calls in main() function.
Looked mostly ok, except there was one unexplained line:

8048383:       65 8b 15 14 00 00 00    mov    %gs:0x14,%edx

which was put there by gcc compiler. Maybe there is some reasonable
explanation for why that is there, but I didn't immediately see it.

Can you test an initrd that I created for you? I used this config:

BOOTDEV=/dev/hda1
BOOTTYPE=ext2
CRYPTROOT=/dev/hda2
ROOTTYPE=ext3
CIPHERTYPE=AES128
INITRDONLY=1
DESTINATIONPREFIX=/tmp

All other config entries are defaults that are found in unmodified
loop-AES-v3.2a build-initrd.sh script. You can download it here:

http://koti.tnnet.fi/jari.ruusu/tmp/initrd.gz
http://koti.tnnet.fi/jari.ruusu/tmp/initrd.gz.sign

-- 
Jari Ruusu  1024R/3A220F51 5B 4B F9 BB D3 3F 52 E9  DB 1D EB E3 24 0E A9 DD

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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Fri Aug 10 04:34:02 2007
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Subject: Re: Help booting a gpg encrypted loop-aes backed root partition
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Thanks again to all who responded and especially to Jari who built an
initrd that works.

Using Jari's initrd worked right away without any issues. I suppose
ubuntu 7.04 uses some
weird combinations of compiler/linker options or their package of
dietlibc is somehow incompatible but those are just my speculations and
I am by no means an expert at this. FYI: I also tried to build the
initrd with USEDIETLIBC=0 and that yielded the same result on ubuntu
i.e. it didn't work.

Many thanks again.

Jivko

Jari Ruusu wrote:
> [snip]
> [snip]
>   
>> No filesystems can mount root tried ext2 ext3 minix
>> Kernel panic - not syncing
>> VFS: unable to mount rootfs on unknow-block(1,1)
>>     
>
> Did you see a password prompt before kernel panic?
>
>   
No, there was no password prompt either. It just panicked. Building the
intird with USEPIVOT=0 didn't help.

> I quickly looked at kernel config that you sent me privately. I didn't see
> anything wrong with it.
> [snip]
> 8048383:       65 8b 15 14 00 00 00    mov    %gs:0x14,%edx
>
> which was put there by gcc compiler. Maybe there is some reasonable
> explanation for why that is there, but I didn't immediately see it.
>
> Can you test an initrd that I created for you? I used this config:
>
> BOOTDEV=/dev/hda1
> BOOTTYPE=ext2
> CRYPTROOT=/dev/hda2
> ROOTTYPE=ext3
> CIPHERTYPE=AES128
> INITRDONLY=1
> DESTINATIONPREFIX=/tmp
>
> All other config entries are defaults that are found in unmodified
> loop-AES-v3.2a build-initrd.sh script. You can download it here:
>
> http://koti.tnnet.fi/jari.ruusu/tmp/initrd.gz
> http://koti.tnnet.fi/jari.ruusu/tmp/initrd.gz.sign


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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/



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Subject: Re: Help booting a gpg encrypted loop-aes backed root partition
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* Jivko Sabev <jsabev@nicmus.com> wrote:

> I suppose ubuntu 7.04 uses some weird combinations of
> compiler/linker options or their package of dietlibc is somehow
> incompatible but those are just my speculations and I am by no
> means an expert at this. FYI: I also tried to build the initrd with
> USEDIETLIBC=3D0 and that yielded the same result on ubuntu i.e. it
> didn't work.

http://trac.autopackage.org/wiki/GlibcVersionsOfDifferentLinuxDistributions

lists both glibc and gcc versions of some distros. Let's blame gcc ;)

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Message-ID: <46BCA213.1F8E57E4@users.sourceforge.net>
Date: Fri, 10 Aug 2007 20:36:19 +0300
From: Jari Ruusu <jariruusu@users.sourceforge.net>
To: Jivko Sabev <jsabev@nicmus.com>
Cc: linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: Help booting a gpg encrypted loop-aes backed root partition
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Jivko Sabev wrote:
> Using Jari's initrd worked right away without any issues.

Ok. That narrows the problem down to gcc and dietlibc.

> I suppose ubuntu 7.04 uses some
> weird combinations of compiler/linker options or their package of
> dietlibc is somehow incompatible but those are just my speculations and
> I am by no means an expert at this. FYI: I also tried to build the
> initrd with USEDIETLIBC=0 and that yielded the same result on ubuntu
> i.e. it didn't work.

USEDIETLIBC=0 setting is incompatible with some glibc versions, so that
could explain that failure.

I really need to know what causes this problem. So, I have to harass you
with more questions:

1) Can you try creating an initrd using different gcc version? You distro
   probably has precompiled binary of some gcc-3 version. As in, install
   that package and change "diet gcc" command at build-initrd.sh script line
   635 to "diet gcc-3.3" or something like that. Then create new initrd and
   boot it.

2) Can you recompile dietlibc from source, using default dietlibc config but
   with WANT_SYSENTER option disabled? As in, apply the patch below, then
   compile and install dietlibc normally. Then create new initrd and boot
   it.

3) Compile using gcc-3 and link with dietlibc that has WANT_SYSENTER option
   disabled. (Both 1 and 2 at same time)

4) Can you try building an initrd on knoppix? If so, what version of knoppix
   and what gcc version does it have?

Just for the record, that initrd.gz that I created for you was linked to
dietlibc that has WANT_SYSENTER disabled.

Earlier when I examined that initrd-crypt.gz that you sent me, I said "It
seems to be linked to some older version of dietlibc". That was incorrect.
Startup code looked different from ones that I compiled, so I incorrectly
assumed that it was linked to older version of dietlibc. Sorry.

-- 
Jari Ruusu  1024R/3A220F51 5B 4B F9 BB D3 3F 52 E9  DB 1D EB E3 24 0E A9 DD


--- dietlibc-0.30.orig/dietfeatures.h	2006-04-04 08:35:14.000000000 +0300
+++ dietlibc-0.30/dietfeatures.h	2006-07-04 12:49:34.0000