From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sun Sep  1 18:13:52 2002
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Date:	Sun, 01 Sep 2002 19:13:37 +0300
From:	Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>
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Subject: Re: losetup options
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Newsmail wrote:
> maybe its an already answered question, but I dont find any information
> about the -T option Jari uses in his loop-aes examples: losetup -e AES128
> -T /dev/loop0 /dev/hda666
> what is the -T option?

Try "man losetup", this line should be there:

-T     asks password twice.

However, a bug in loop-AES' install instructions instruct to install man
pages to /usr/man/ directory. Many newer (all?) distros put man pages to
/usr/share/man/ directory. So a bug in installation instructions may be the
real cause of this.

Regards,
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>

-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From isabel@69.com Sun Sep  1 20:53:41 2002
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From:	"Isabel" <isabel@69.com>
To:	<linux-crypto-archive@nl.linux.org>
Subject: Endlich habe ich Dich gefunden !!!
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<html>

<head>

<title>Gruess Dich</title>
</head>

<body bgcolor="#006699">

<p align="left"><b><font face="Lucida Console" color="#00CCFF" size="3">Gruess Dich,<br>
<br>
nun habe ich mich doch in eine Kontaktdatenbank eingetragen.<br>
<br>
Wenn Du Recht haben solltest, bin ich nicht mehr lange<br>
<br>
so einsam.....<br>
<br>
...und kann meine sexuellen Phantasien ausleben.<br>
<br>
Schau Dir mal den Eintrag an, ob er so OKI ist und schreibe<br>
<br>
mir Deinen Eindruck.<br>
<br>
<br>
<span style="background-color: #FFFF00"><a href="http://isabel69.yeah.net" target="_blank">http://isabel69.yeah.net</a></span><br>
<br>
<br>
Danke noch mal fuer Alles.....<br>
<br>
<br>
Deine Isabel</font></b></p>

</body>

</html>

From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Mon Sep  2 05:14:08 2002
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this happens with all ciphers. losetup prompts for a keysize, then passwd,
then it spits this out:

The cipher does not exist, or a cipher module needs to be loaded into the kernel
ioctl: LOOP_SET_STATUS: Invalid argument

yet, it is loaded. i've tried it with all the crypto stuff compiled in, and
as modules, and with the loop file on reiserfs and ext2. same error. this is
on an alpha running 2.4.19. i'm using the latest cryptoapi rc1 patch and
debian stable's crypto aware losetup.

-- 
Tom Vier <tmv@comcast.net>
DSA Key ID 0xE6CB97DA
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Fri Sep  6 09:31:20 2002
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From:	Mitsuru KANDA / =?ISO-2022-JP?B?GyRCP0BFRBsoQiAbJEI9PBsoQg==?= 
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Hello CryptoAPI developers,

let me ask a question.

Would you have a plan to merge cryptoapi code into the mainline kernel(2.5)?

USAGI uses CryptoAPI for IPv6 IPsec.

I would like to know whether you have a plan or not.

Thanks,

-mk



-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


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Subject: Re: [Q] merging mainline kernel
From:	Herbert Valerio Riedel <hvr@hvrlab.org>
To:	Mitsuru KANDA / =?UTF-8?Q?=E7=A5=9E=E7=94=B0_?=
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On Fri, 2002-09-06 at 09:32, Mitsuru KANDA / =E7=A5=9E=E7=94=B0 =E5=85=85 w=
rote:
> Would you have a plan to merge cryptoapi code into the mainline kernel(2.=
5)?
> USAGI uses CryptoAPI for IPv6 IPsec.
...there are a few other projects using it as well...
=20
> I would like to know whether you have a plan or not.
...we'd love to and that's our goal in the long term, but this is linus'
decision... you might want to ask on the linux kernel mailing list, what
their current position regarding cryptography in the kernel is right
now...

regards,
--=20
Herbert Valerio Riedel       /    Phone: (EUROPE) +43-1-58801-18840
Email: hvr@hvrlab.org       /    Finger hvr@gnu.org for GnuPG Public Key
GnuPG Key Fingerprint: 7BB9 2D6C D485 CE64 4748  5F65 4981 E064 883F
4142

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From:	Mitsuru KANDA / =?ISO-2022-JP?B?GyRCP0BFRBsoQiAbJEI9PBsoQg==?= 
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Hello Herbert,

> > i would like to know whether you have a plan or not.
> ...we'd love to and that's our goal in the long term, but this is linus'
> decision... you might want to ask on the linux kernel mailing list, what
> their current position regarding cryptography in the kernel is right
> now...
Yes, this is Linus' decision..., ok, I'll ask on lkml.

BTW, would you have a plan to submit patches by code-freeze date(end of Oct)
whether it will be merged or not?

# sorry for inquisitive queston.

Regards,
-mk
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Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Fri Sep  6 15:05:19 2002
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From:	Jean-Luc Cooke <jlcooke@certainkey.com>
To:	"Mitsuru KANDA / ?$B?@ED?(B ?$B=<?(B" <mk@karaba.org>
Cc:	Herbert Valerio Riedel <hvr@hvrlab.org>, linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: [Q] merging mainline kernel
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I hate to speek for people, but the general view in CryptoAPI is a solid
'yes' (we're moments away from a release as-is).

JLC

On Fri, Sep 06, 2002 at 05:31:31PM +0900, Mitsuru KANDA / ?$B?@ED?(B ?$B=<?(B wrote:
> 
> Hello Herbert,
> 
> > > i would like to know whether you have a plan or not.
> > ...we'd love to and that's our goal in the long term, but this is linus'
> > decision... you might want to ask on the linux kernel mailing list, what
> > their current position regarding cryptography in the kernel is right
> > now...
> Yes, this is Linus' decision..., ok, I'll ask on lkml.
> 
> BTW, would you have a plan to submit patches by code-freeze date(end of Oct)
> whether it will be merged or not?
> 
> # sorry for inquisitive queston.
> 
> Regards,
> -mk
> -
> Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
> Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

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Until such time as the mainline kernel resides in a free country,
I would strongly recommend that the crypto code stay out.

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Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


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Hello Michael,

> Until such time as the mainline kernel resides in a free country,
> I would strongly recommend that the crypto code stay out.
You mean the mainline kernel shuold reside outside of U.S like OpenBSD :-) ?

I'm not familiar with the limitations on crypto exports of U.S.
but I think at least CryptoAPI scheme existing inside the mainline kernel
is useful for kernel developers who want to use cryptoapi.
(e.g. abstraction layer: cryptoapi.c crypto.h)


Regards,
-mk
-- 
----------------------------------------
Mitsuru KANDA (mk@karaba.org)
 Toshiba Reseach & Development Center
       Communication Platform Laboratory (mk@isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp)
 USAGI Project (mk@linux-ipv6.org)

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commence  Mitsuru KANDA quotation:

> Hello Michael,
>
>> Until such time as the mainline kernel resides in a free country,
>> I would strongly recommend that the crypto code stay out.
> You mean the mainline kernel shuold reside outside of U.S like OpenBSD :-) ?
>
> I'm not familiar with the limitations on crypto exports of U.S.  but
> I think at least CryptoAPI scheme existing inside the mainline
> kernel is useful for kernel developers who want to use cryptoapi.
> (e.g. abstraction layer: cryptoapi.c crypto.h)

My recollection (which could be faulty) is that under the export
regulations, code that contained crypto hooks was treated the same as
code that actually implemented cryptography.

-- 
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[|] Sean Neakums            |  Questions are a burden to others;
[|] <sneakums@zork.net>     |      answers a prison for oneself.
 \                          |
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----


>>>>> "mk" == mk  <Mitsuru> writes:
    >> Until such time as the mainline kernel resides in a free country,
    >> I would strongly recommend that the crypto code stay out.

    mk> You mean the mainline kernel shuold reside outside of U.S like
    mk> OpenBSD :-) ? 

  Yes.

    mk> I'm not familiar with the limitations on crypto exports of U.S.
  
  I strongly suggest that unless you want to be the Skyleroff, that you
become familliar with them.

  Well, there are the same limitations that there always have been.
The difference is that for the past 3 or 4 years, the bureaucrats have
actually been following the law, which exempts open source software, except
that they ask that you notify them that you are exporting things. 

  The notice is not legal. Most believe it is so they can round you up later
on to threaten you, if there is something that they want you to do.  
  As this is an administrative change, not a legal one, they can change it
back at any time, and can make it retroactively illegal. Note that current
"cybercrime" laws in the US are retroactive as well.

  The "rules" apply to all people in the US (including non-US citizens),
and all US citizens, regardless of where they are in the world.

    mk> but I think at least CryptoAPI scheme existing inside the mainline
    mk> kernel 
    mk> is useful for kernel developers who want to use cryptoapi.
    mk> (e.g. abstraction layer: cryptoapi.c crypto.h)

  useful, yes.
  But, asking the US developers to risk their lives, families and possessions
over?

  Remember that disney owns congresspersons, and I would presume so does
Microsoft. Neither is happy with what Linux does to them.  Having crypto in
a US-maintained Linux kernel would provide trivial ways for Linux people to
threatened and controlled. 

]       ON HUMILITY: to err is human. To moo, bovine.           |  firewalls  [
]   Michael Richardson, Sandelman Software Works, Ottawa, ON    |net architect[
] mcr@sandelman.ottawa.on.ca http://www.sandelman.ottawa.on.ca/ |device driver[
] panic("Just another Debian GNU/Linux using, kernel hacking, security guy"); [
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
Version: GnuPG v1.0.7 (GNU/Linux)
Comment: Finger me for keys

iQCVAwUBPXoPBIqHRg3pndX9AQHVUAP/WYuzE1hymykqOnSJfTzi1wa66nY5+W0D
LfF1fuKBRYBAjmot7/tGD0FFwJWN0NXA0kEzN8LA6xdUdzLpzm5KyENg6UvA3C0O
YL4o9m3SUUXGDG53Tx1SvCyrQPz8v23//3M4tWNk3hsrpAmhZ+rwmO8Kk0c7ARrz
xSqc6wAI2gE=
=e8X7
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


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Subject: Re: [Q] merging mainline kernel
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On Saturday 07 September 2002 16:36, Michael Richardson wrote:

>     mk> I'm not familiar with the limitations on crypto exports of
> U.S.
>
>   I strongly suggest that unless you want to be the Skyleroff, that
> you become familliar with them.

Check out the Crypto Law Survey and the summary of international crypto 
controls:
http://rechten.kub.nl/koops/cryptolaw/
http://rechten.kub.nl/koops/cryptolaw/cls-sum.htm

/Thomas
-- 
thomas@northernsecurity.net | www.northernsecurity.net  
thomas@se.linux.org | www.se.linux.org
-
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Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sat Sep  7 17:59:38 2002
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From:	Harmon Seaver <hseaver@cybershamanix.com>
To:	Thomas =?iso-8859-1?Q?Sj=F6gren?= <thomas@northernsecurity.net>
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Subject: Re: [Q] merging mainline kernel
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   It would seem that the best places to publish the kernel itself and all
crypto would be countries such as Germany and Japan who are pro-free crypto. In
fact, I think it's a very bad idea to have the kernel releases done in the US at
all in the current political climate. What's the point of taking a chance of
them being comprimised? I can download kernels from Germany just as easily as I
can from the US, perhaps a tiny bit slower.
   I don't understand why the linux community releases kernels in the US,
release them elsewhere and let the US mirror them. Besides, there are *no*
regulations on import of crypto to the US, only export, so the solution would
seem obvious.


On Sat, Sep 07, 2002 at 05:06:07PM +0200, Thomas Sjögren wrote:
> On Saturday 07 September 2002 16:36, Michael Richardson wrote:
> 
> >     mk> I'm not familiar with the limitations on crypto exports of
> > U.S.
> >
> >   I strongly suggest that unless you want to be the Skyleroff, that
> > you become familliar with them.
> 
> Check out the Crypto Law Survey and the summary of international crypto 
> controls:
> http://rechten.kub.nl/koops/cryptolaw/
> http://rechten.kub.nl/koops/cryptolaw/cls-sum.htm
> 
> /Thomas
> -- 
> thomas@northernsecurity.net | www.northernsecurity.net  
> thomas@se.linux.org | www.se.linux.org
> -
> Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
> Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

-- 
Harmon Seaver	
CyberShamanix
http://www.cybershamanix.com
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sat Sep  7 18:11:43 2002
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I wonder why NetBSD and FreeBSD main tree are still in US.
They include crypto code.

Does anyone know the reasons about this?
It might occured big discussion when merging KAME IPsec code...


At Sat, 7 Sep 2002 10:01:56 -0500
Harmon Seaver wrote:
> 
>    It would seem that the best places to publish the kernel itself and all
> crypto would be countries such as Germany and Japan who are pro-free crypto. In
> fact, I think it's a very bad idea to have the kernel releases done in the US at
> all in the current political climate. What's the point of taking a chance of
> them being comprimised? I can download kernels from Germany just as easily as I
> can from the US, perhaps a tiny bit slower.
>    I don't understand why the linux community releases kernels in the US,
> release them elsewhere and let the US mirror them. Besides, there are *no*
> regulations on import of crypto to the US, only export, so the solution would
> seem obvious.
> 
> 
> On Sat, Sep 07, 2002 at 05:06:07PM +0200, Thomas Sjögren wrote:
> > On Saturday 07 September 2002 16:36, Michael Richardson wrote:
> > 
> > >     mk> I'm not familiar with the limitations on crypto exports of
> > > U.S.
> > >
> > >   I strongly suggest that unless you want to be the Skyleroff, that
> > > you become familliar with them.
> > 
> > Check out the Crypto Law Survey and the summary of international crypto 
> > controls:
> > http://rechten.kub.nl/koops/cryptolaw/
> > http://rechten.kub.nl/koops/cryptolaw/cls-sum.htm
> > 
> > /Thomas
> > -- 
> > thomas@northernsecurity.net | www.northernsecurity.net  
> > thomas@se.linux.org | www.se.linux.org
> > -
> > Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
> > Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/
> 
> -- 
> Harmon Seaver	
> CyberShamanix
> http://www.cybershamanix.com
> -
> Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
> Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sat Sep  7 18:12:44 2002
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Subject: Re: [Q] merging mainline kernel
Date:	Sat, 7 Sep 2002 12:11:41 -0400
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actually.. as long as you release the code and have someone else build it
(without support)
in a country without export controls there is no issue..

the source code is free speech (see junger v. daley) and not subject to
export restrictions.

-phar
www.im-passe.com/phar


----- Original Message -----
From: "Harmon Seaver" <hseaver@cybershamanix.com>
To: "Thomas Sjögren" <thomas@northernsecurity.net>
Cc: <linux-crypto@nl.linux.org>
Sent: Saturday, September 07, 2002 11:01 AM
Subject: Re: [Q] merging mainline kernel


>    It would seem that the best places to publish the kernel itself and all
> crypto would be countries such as Germany and Japan who are pro-free
crypto. In
> fact, I think it's a very bad idea to have the kernel releases done in the
US at
> all in the current political climate. What's the point of taking a chance
of
> them being comprimised? I can download kernels from Germany just as easily
as I
> can from the US, perhaps a tiny bit slower.
>    I don't understand why the linux community releases kernels in the US,
> release them elsewhere and let the US mirror them. Besides, there are *no*
> regulations on import of crypto to the US, only export, so the solution
would
> seem obvious.
>
>
> On Sat, Sep 07, 2002 at 05:06:07PM +0200, Thomas Sjögren wrote:
> > On Saturday 07 September 2002 16:36, Michael Richardson wrote:
> >
> > >     mk> I'm not familiar with the limitations on crypto exports of
> > > U.S.
> > >
> > >   I strongly suggest that unless you want to be the Skyleroff, that
> > > you become familliar with them.
> >
> > Check out the Crypto Law Survey and the summary of international crypto
> > controls:
> > http://rechten.kub.nl/koops/cryptolaw/
> > http://rechten.kub.nl/koops/cryptolaw/cls-sum.htm
> >
> > /Thomas
> > --
> > thomas@northernsecurity.net | www.northernsecurity.net
> > thomas@se.linux.org | www.se.linux.org
> > -
> > Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
> > Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/
>
> --
> Harmon Seaver
> CyberShamanix
> http://www.cybershamanix.com
> -
> Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
> Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/
>
>

-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sat Sep  7 18:26:30 2002
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On Saturday 07 September 2002 17:01, Harmon Seaver wrote:
>    It would seem that the best places to publish the kernel itself
> and all crypto would be countries such as Germany and Japan who are
> pro-free crypto. 
<-- snip -->
>    I don't understand why the linux community releases kernels in the
> US, release them elsewhere and let the US mirror them. Besides, there
> are *no* regulations on import of crypto to the US, only export, so
> the solution would seem obvious.

I completly agree with you. However, what good is the export 
regulations if the only thing  that stopping me from dowloading the 
source code of, lets say, the Rijndael (AES) algorithm is a notice 
stating that i'm not allowed to download the code if i live in Iraq, 
Afghanistan, etc?

what role does kerneli.org play in this? (is it still alive? i couldnt 
reach it).

/Thomas
-- 
thomas@northernsecurity.net | www.northernsecurity.net  
thomas@se.linux.org | www.se.linux.org
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sat Sep  7 19:07:58 2002
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Subject: Re: [Q] merging mainline kernel
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On Sat, 2002-09-07 at 18:30, Thomas Sj=F6gren wrote:
> what role does kerneli.org play in this? (is it still alive? i couldnt=20
> reach it).

...it's alive; we just seem to have some problems w/ international
connectivity - I hope they'll fix that after the weekend; and before you
ask, it's located in vienna/austria :-)

...by coincidence, master.kernel.org is down for more than a day :-/

regards,
--=20
Herbert Valerio Riedel       /    Phone: (EUROPE) +43-1-58801-18840
Email: hvr@hvrlab.org       /    Finger hvr@gnu.org for GnuPG Public Key
GnuPG Key Fingerprint: 7BB9 2D6C D485 CE64 4748  5F65 4981 E064 883F
4142

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Subject: Re: [Q] merging mainline kernel 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Sun, 08 Sep 2002 01:12:44 +0900."
             <m3elc593sz.wl@karaba.org> 
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>>>>> "mk" == mk  <Mitsuru> writes:
    mk> I wonder why NetBSD and FreeBSD main tree are still in US.
    mk> They include crypto code.

  cvs.netbsd.org has been in Finland for four years now.

  FreeBSD, I can not explain.

]       ON HUMILITY: to err is human. To moo, bovine.           |  firewalls  [
]   Michael Richardson, Sandelman Software Works, Ottawa, ON    |net architect[
] mcr@sandelman.ottawa.on.ca http://www.sandelman.ottawa.on.ca/ |device driver[
] panic("Just another Debian GNU/Linux using, kernel hacking, security guy"); [
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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sat Sep  7 20:47:53 2002
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Subject: Re: [Q] merging mainline kernel 
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>>>>> "mike" == mike  <phar@thetransmission.net> writes:
    mike> in a country without export controls there is no issue..

    mike> the source code is free speech (see junger v. daley) and not
    mike> subject to 
    mike> export restrictions.

  That's a nice theory.

  Also in theory, RSA and DNA is not patentable, US citizens can never be
denied their constitutional rights, Scott Adams Games is still in business,
and sysadmins have the right to verify the security of their systems.

  If US citizens work on crypto, regardless of where they compile it,
they make that crypto become under the control of the US. That is still
true even today.

]       ON HUMILITY: to err is human. To moo, bovine.           |  firewalls  [
]   Michael Richardson, Sandelman Software Works, Ottawa, ON    |net architect[
] mcr@sandelman.ottawa.on.ca http://www.sandelman.ottawa.on.ca/ |device driver[
] panic("Just another Debian GNU/Linux using, kernel hacking, security guy"); [



  


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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sun Sep  8 02:22:50 2002
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On Sat, Sep 07, 2002 at 02:45:37PM -0400, Michael Richardson wrote:
>   Also in theory, RSA and DNA is not patentable, US citizens can never be
> denied their constitutional rights, Scott Adams Games is still in business,

  Scott Adams??? Are you sure you aren't talking about Steve Jackson Games?


> and sysadmins have the right to verify the security of their systems.
> 
>   If US citizens work on crypto, regardless of where they compile it,
> they make that crypto become under the control of the US. That is still
> true even today.

   Far be it for me to defend the US gov actions, but (other than on the hemp
front) I think CA is pretty scary as well. In fact, if you've noticed, other
than their moves to end the War on Some Drugs outside the US, the whole English
speaking world is getting *really* scary. I lived in CA for a year, came back to
the US after it became quite clear to me that civil rights were totally
non-existent in CA, and that was 30 years ago. 
   Really good to see what CA is doing on the marijuana issue, but I sure don't
see them otherwise looking like a safe place to live or do business. Not that
the US is, even remotely. 


-- 
Harmon Seaver	
CyberShamanix
http://www.cybershamanix.com
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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Wed Sep 11 12:03:32 2002
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Date:	Wed, 11 Sep 2002 12:02:33 +0200
From:	Martin <opitz@informatik.uni-frankfurt.de>
To:	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: cryptoapi & loop-aes & ext3 & file based encryption
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Hello All,

I have one question. I have an ext3-filesystem. I want to make a file
in this filesystem and want to encrypt & mount it (file based system, not
the whole device based system)
What filesystem can I use in that encrypted file, ext3 or only ext2 when
the filesystem where that file will be uses ext3 ?
Can you tell me the answer for both loop-aes & cryptoapi, please ?
I don't want my data get corrupted by using wrong combinations.

Many thanks for the Help !

Martin

-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Wed Sep 11 13:47:06 2002
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From:	Stelios Bounanos <sb@dial.pipex.com>
To:	Martin <opitz@informatik.uni-frankfurt.de>
Cc:	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: cryptoapi & loop-aes & ext3 & file based encryption
In-Reply-To: <20020911120233.A7697@hera.rbi.informatik.uni-frankfurt.de>
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 >>>>> On Wed, 11 Sep 2002 12:02:33 +0200, Martin 
 >>>>> <opitz@informatik.uni-frankfurt.de> was rumoured to have said:

 > Hello All,
 > I have one question. I have an ext3-filesystem. I want to make a file
 > in this filesystem and want to encrypt & mount it (file based system, not
 > the whole device based system)
 > What filesystem can I use in that encrypted file, ext3 or only ext2 when
 > the filesystem where that file will be uses ext3 ?
 > Can you tell me the answer for both loop-aes & cryptoapi, please ?
 > I don't want my data get corrupted by using wrong combinations.

In the archives, explained by Jari Ruusu:

http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/2002-02/msg00020.html

http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/2002-06/msg00047.html
(and other messages in this thread)


 > Many thanks for the Help !

 > Martin


Rgds,
/-sb.
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Wed Sep 11 21:10:43 2002
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Date:	Wed, 11 Sep 2002 21:09:57 +0200
From:	Martin <opitz@informatik.uni-frankfurt.de>
To:	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: cryptoapi & loop-aes & ext3 & file based encryption
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> http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/2002-02/msg00020.html
> 
> http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/2002-06/msg00047.html
> (and other messages in this thread)


Many thanks for the interesting arcticles.

So, if I understand right:

When I mount ext3 at boot with fstab it defaults to data=ordered and thus I can
use for loop-aes & cryptoapi:

ext3 -> loop -> ext3 (default=ordered) -> partition

with no future options.

Also

ext2 -> loop -> ext3 -> partition

should work with no problem.

Correct ?

BTW, what is more reliable, loop-aes or cryptoapi ? I have the feeling
from the postings that more people use loop-aes. Maybe I'm wrong.

Thanks !
Martin

-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Thu Sep 12 02:39:42 2002
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Original-Recipient: rfc822;linux-crypto-archive@nl.linux.org

 >>>>> On Wed, 11 Sep 2002 21:09:57 +0200, Martin 
 >>>>> <opitz@informatik.uni-frankfurt.de> was rumoured to have said:

 >> http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/2002-02/msg00020.html
 >> 
 >> http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/2002-06/msg00047.html
 >> (and other messages in this thread)


 > Many thanks for the interesting arcticles.

 > So, if I understand right:

 > When I mount ext3 at boot with fstab it defaults to data=ordered and thus I can
 > use for loop-aes & cryptoapi:

 > ext3 -> loop -> ext3 (default=ordered) -> partition

 > with no future options.

 > Also

 > ext2 -> loop -> ext3 -> partition

 > should work with no problem.

 > Correct ?

Yes, this is my understanding as well.

 > BTW, what is more reliable, loop-aes or cryptoapi ? I have the feeling
 > from the postings that more people use loop-aes. Maybe I'm wrong.

I can't comment on this, as I've never used loop-aes or run cryptoapi in
a particularly stressing environment. However, I seem to remember the
author of loop-aes claiming that it perfoms better than the cryptoapi,
so you might want to test and compare them on that basis also.

 > Thanks !
 > Martin


Rgds,
/-sb.
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Thu Sep 12 02:52:20 2002
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Date:	Thu, 12 Sep 2002 02:51:54 +0200
From:	Martin <opitz@informatik.uni-frankfurt.de>
To:	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: ext3 & e2fsck & simulated crash & loop-aes
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Hi,

so I have now loop-aes with file backed and ext3->ext3->partition.
I did copy a large file from the normal partition to the crypto-file
and in the middle just pressed reset. I wanted to see what happens.

I just wonder because at boot e2fsck says for the whole partition (where
the cryptofile is as well) "recovering journal". Now when I make
a losetup -e to /dev/loop0 for the file and then a e2fsck /dev/loop0
(or e2fsck -f /dev/loop0) it says everything is ok. I wonder why it
doesn't say recovering journal for the crypto-fs as well like for the
whole partition on boot ? Anyone can explain it to me ?


Thanks !
Martin

PS: It really is very fast with loop-aes. Great thing !

-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From isabel@69.com Sat Sep 14 14:20:09 2002
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Hallo, 

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Ich kann dir eine voellig neue Seite von mir zeigen.

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Ich warte auf dich!!!!


http://isabel69.yeah.net


Deine Isabel 

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Message-ID: <3D85674D.58058CE9@pp.inet.fi>
Date:	Mon, 16 Sep 2002 08:08:29 +0300
From:	Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>
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To:	Martin <opitz@informatik.uni-frankfurt.de>
CC:	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: ext3 & e2fsck & simulated crash & loop-aes
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Martin wrote:
> so I have now loop-aes with file backed and ext3->ext3->partition.
> I did copy a large file from the normal partition to the crypto-file
> and in the middle just pressed reset. I wanted to see what happens.
> 
> I just wonder because at boot e2fsck says for the whole partition (where
> the cryptofile is as well) "recovering journal". Now when I make
> a losetup -e to /dev/loop0 for the file and then a e2fsck /dev/loop0
> (or e2fsck -f /dev/loop0) it says everything is ok. I wonder why it
> doesn't say recovering journal for the crypto-fs as well like for the
> whole partition on boot ? Anyone can explain it to me ?

If you use fsck, be sure to specify filesystem type as ext3. And if you are
just mounting it without fsck, EXT3 FS writes "recovery complete" message
using kernel printk(). You have to use dmesg program to display it on your
console. On boot before klogd and syslogd are started, such printk()s are
usually displayed on the console. That doesn't necessarily happen after boot
has completed. I tried to reproduce this twice in data=ordered mode. On
first attempt I used fsck to replay the journal. Here is output of that
attempt:

# losetup -e AES128 /dev/loop0 /root/zz
loop: loaded (max 8 devices)
Password:
# fsck -t ext3 -f /dev/loop0
fsck 1.27 (8-Mar-2002)
e2fsck 1.27 (8-Mar-2002)
/dev/loop0: recovering journal
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/loop0: 12/102400 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 7322/102400 blocks

On second attempt, I just mounted it and EXT3 FS replayed the journal. Here
is output of that attempt:

# mount -t ext3 /root/zz /mnt666 -o loop=/dev/loop0,encryption=AES128
loop: loaded (max 8 devices)
Password:
kjournald starting.  Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3 FS 2.4-0.9.17, 10 Jan 2002 on loop(7,0), internal journal
EXT3-fs: recovery complete.
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.

Regards,
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>

-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Fri Sep 20 17:37:46 2002
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Date:	Fri, 20 Sep 2002 08:36:30 -0700 (PDT)
From:	Mr etwcn etwcn <etwcn@yahoo.com>
Subject: Which patch-int for 2.4.19
To:	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
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Hi,

I want to be able to use cryptographic filesystems
with my linux 2.4.19 kernel. The last official patch
is patch-int-2.4.3.1 but I can not apply it to the
2.4.19 kernel without rejects. I see a
patch-int-2.4.19.1 in the TESTING directory, which
works fine. But actually I want to use a stable
version because I do not want to lose data. Can I
savely use the patch-int-2.4.19.1 or is there any
other way to get the patch-int-2.4.3.1 applied. Any
help would be greatly appreciated.

Thomas Müller


__________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Finance - Get real-time stock quotes
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sat Sep 21 02:50:07 2002
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From:	"Jasmina Richter" <JasminaRichter33@web.de>
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Subject: Danke =?ISO-8859-1?Q?f=FCr?= Deine Hilfe
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Date:	Sun, 22 Sep 2002 02:49:54
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Gruess Dich,

nun habe ich mich doch in eine Kontaktdatenbank eingetragen.

Wenn Du Recht haben solltest, bin ich nicht mehr lange

so einsam.....

...und kann meine sexuellen Phantasien ausleben.

Schau Dir mal den Eintrag an, ob er so OKAY ist und schreibe

mir Deinen Eindruck.


http://jassiemaus.yeah.net


Danke noch mal fuer Alles.....


Deine Jasmina

PS: DU kannst ja mal wieder anrufen!!
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Subject: Re: Which patch-int for 2.4.19
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testing works fine. and there is no way to use such an old patch for the
current kernel source.

don't worry...

but don't forget to read the docs in ../linux/Documentation/cryptoapi

cheers...

On Fri, 2002-09-20 at 17:36, Mr etwcn etwcn wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I want to be able to use cryptographic filesystems
> with my linux 2.4.19 kernel. The last official patch
> is patch-int-2.4.3.1 but I can not apply it to the
> 2.4.19 kernel without rejects. I see a
> patch-int-2.4.19.1 in the TESTING directory, which
> works fine. But actually I want to use a stable
> version because I do not want to lose data. Can I
> savely use the patch-int-2.4.19.1 or is there any
> other way to get the patch-int-2.4.3.1 applied. Any
> help would be greatly appreciated.
> 
> Thomas Müller
> 
> 
> __________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Yahoo! Finance - Get real-time stock quotes
> http://finance.yahoo.com
> -
> Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
> Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/
> 


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Date:	Mon, 23 Sep 2002 17:31:33 +0200
From:	intrigeri <intrigeri@no-log.org>
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Subject: cryptoAPI howto in french
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Hi,

I've translated the cryptoAPI howto in french. I mean, the document
called "The Linux CryptoAPI - A User's Perspective", by David Bryson ;
I've worked on the pdf version, written on may 31, 2002.

my translation is attached.

Does David Bryson still maintain this howto ? Will he update this
document ? If not, I'm interested in doing this work. Just let me know.
-- 
  intrigeri


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# CryptoAPI pour GNU/Linux, du point de vue de l'utilisateur/ice
#
# Auteur original : David Bryson
# Date de publication initiale : 31 mai 2002
#
# Traducteur : intrigeri@no-log.org
# Date de la traduction : 23 septembre 2002
#



# Théorie

Nous allons parler de l'utilisation de la cryptographie forte sous
GNU/Linux. A l'aide des patches pour le noyau dont cet article parle,
vous pouvez crypter l'intégralité de votre disque dur, de vos
connections réseau, et même votre swap. Nous allons présenter deux de
ces solutions, et nous concentrer principalement sur l'une d'entre elles
: CryptoAPI pour GNU/Linux.

La "cryptographie" est la science qui conçoit et analyse des "chiffres".
Un chiffre est un algorithme qui transforme du texte "en clair" en une
soupe incompréhensible nommée "texte crypté", via une séquence de code
prédéterminée. Le but est que seul-e-s l'expéditeur/ice et le/la
destinataire aient accès à la clé, et donc qu'ils/elles soient les
seul-e-s à avoir accès au texte en clair.  L'application du chiffre sur
le texte se nomme l'encryptage, et le processus inverse, le décryptage.

Une clé est nécessaire pour encrypter des données avec un
chiffre donné. Cette clé est ce qui sécurise le chiffre,
et permet son/sa seul-e propriétaire de décrypter ce qui a été encrypté.
La clé est fournie au chiffre, en plus du texte en clair,
pour produire le texte crypté. Pour ce qui est du décryptage, la clé et
le texte crypté sont fournis au chiffre, qui renvoie le texte en clair.

-- figure 1 : encryptage et décryptage --

Donner au noyau Linux le support de la cryptographie vous donne moult
moyens de sécuriser vos données. Cet article explique comment le faire,
en utilisant CryptoAPI. Quelques utilisations possibles de CryptoAPI
sont :

- l'encryptage de tout support physique (partitions de disque dur, swap,
  cdroms) ; sans ça, toute personne qui prendrait votre disque dur et
  l'installerait sur une autre machine pourrait lire les données qui y
  sont stockées... grâce au support de la cryptographie au niveau du
  noyau, vous pouvez encrypter la partition qui contient vos répertoire
  home ; ainsi, vos données seront illisibles... sauf par vous.

- l'encryptage du trafic réseau, ie. IPsec ou toute autre forme de
  cryptage réseau d'un bout à l'autre ; les VPNs (Virtual Private
  Networks / réseaux privés virtuels) permettent d'encrypter les
  communications avant qu'elles ne sortent de votre ordinateur ;
  l'utilisation des VPNs étant en pleine expansion, il est important,
  pour conserver un niveau correct de performances et de sécurité,
  d'avoir un noyau gérant la cryptographie.


# 1. Les différentes implémentations de la cryptographie

Il existe actuellement deux principaux moyen d'ajouter le support de la
cryptographie au noyau Linux. Nous citerons brièvement loop-AES, puis
nous nous concentrerons sur CryptoAPI. Ces deux solutions ont l'avantage
de se "brancher" sur le noyau sans modifier ses sources (ni redémarrer
!). La seule modification devant être faite au code source du noyau est
un patch à appliquer sur le pilote de loopback, qui peut aisément être
chargé/déchargé s'il est compilé sous forme de module. Nous espérons
voir ce patch intégré dans le noyau prochainement.

Ce patch permet au module de loopback d'intercepter les requêtes de
lecture/écriture sur le système de fichiers crypté, et
d'encrypter/décrypter les données à la volée. Nous préciserons ceci dans
les prochains paragraphes.

Loop-AES est conçu uniquement pour le cryptage de systèmes de fichiers ;
il utilise comme chiffre le fameux AES (Advanced Encryption Standard /
Standard avancé de cryptage), et donc l'algorithme de Rijndael.
Il est plutôt rapide, et fournit une implémentation en assembleur pour
les processeurs Intel x86 (les autre architectures se contenteront de
l'implémentation en C). Pour plus d'informartion sur loop-AES, visitez
http://loopaes.sourceforge.net.

Le package CryptoAPI fournit une solution plus polyvalente de
cryptographie au niveau du noyau. Il utilise une interface générique
permettant à tout module du noyau d'encrypter/décrypter des données. Le
cryptage de systèmes de fichiers n'est qu'une de ses nombreuses
applications possibles. CryptoAPI fournit 12 chiffres différents, et
supporte le montage/démontage et l'utilisation des systèmes de fichiers
encryptés avec loop-AES.


# 2. Installation de CryptoAPI

Voyons maitenant comment faire fonctionner CryptoAPI sur votre machine.
Il nous faut tout d'abord obtenir les sources de votre noyau et les
dernières sources de CryptoAPI correspondant au noyau que vous utilisez.
La dernière version de CryptoAPI peut toujours être trouvée ici :
http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/crypto/. Une fois que vous l'avez
téléchargée, décompressez l'archive dans /usr/src/cryptoapi :

$ cd /usr/src/cryptoapi
$ tar xvzf cryptoapi-0.1.0.tar.tz

NB : lisez toujours le README pour tout logiciel que vous téléchargez !

Avant de compiler un chiffre, nous devons patcher le driver de loop pour
les raisons évoquées plus haut. Il existe actuellement deux patches,
tout deux distribués avec CryptoAPI. Le patch loop-iv offre le support
minimal nécessaire à CryptoAPI, tandis que le patch loop-jari, distribué
avec loop-AES, corrige quelques bugs. Nous aurons une approche
minimaliste, et nous ne nous occuperons que du patch loop-iv
(Initialization Vector), suffisant pour ce qui nous occupe. Pour cela,
allez dans le répertoire contenant les sources de CryptoAPI, et lancez
cette commande :

$ make patchkernel KDIR=<kernel source dir> LOOP=iv

NB : même si vous n'utilisez pas une version du noyau correspondant
exactement à celle du patch loop-iv, vous avez des chances de parvenir à
vos fins, car le driver de loop n'a presque pas changé depuis le passage
du noyau 2.2 au 2.4. Il existe un script permettant de déterminer la
version du patch la plus proche de celle de votre noyau, et d'appliquer
le patch automatiquement. Si vous souhaitez utiliser le le patch
loop-jari, donnez au paramètre LOOP la valeur 'jari' au lieu de 'iv'.

Ceci étant fait, vous devez recompiler le driver de loop. Si vous avez
déjà une configuration de noyau prête, vous pouvez vous contenter de
recompiler et installer le module loop. Sinon, il vous faut compiler le
module à la main, en précisant quelques flags au compilateur C.

Vous pouvez maintenant compiler les modules des chiffres et le plugin
de loopback pour la cryptographie, puis les installer sans recompiler
l'intégralité de notre noyau, grâce à la magie des modules. Pour
compiler ces modules, tapez simplement :

$ make modules KDIR=<kernel source dir>

Et les modules de CrytoAPI seront compilés, après quoi nous pouvons les
installer dans le répertoire approprié, afin de pouvoir les charger. Un
script le fera pour vous si vous exécutez cette commande :

$ make install_modules

Avant que de pouvoir utiliser le cryptage via loopback, il nous faut
compiler un logiciel ne faisant pas partie du noyau : le programme
losetup, qui fait partie du package util-linux, a besoin d'être patché
pour être capable de dire au noyau quel chiffre et quelle clé utiliser.
Selon la distribution GNU/Linux utilisée, la méthode est différente : si
vous utilisez Debian Woody (ou supérieure), la version patchée de
losetup est d'ores et déjà installée, dans le package util-linux. Les
utilisateur/ice/s de Debian Potato peuvent télécharger le patch et
recompiler util-linux. Il existe des RPMs patchés pour RedHat, ainsi que
des patches pour les sources, sur http://www.kerneli.org/. Si votre
distribution ne fournit pas ce patch, proposez à ses fournisseur/se/s
une version patchée de losetup. Une fois que la bonne version de losetup
est installée, CryptoAPI est installée sur votre ordinateur, et vous
êtes prêt-e à mettre en place des systèmes de fichiers cryptés !


# 3. Utiliser CryptoAPI

Nous parlerons dans ce paragraphe d'une des applications de CryptoAPI :
encrypter un système de fichiers entier. Sur la plupart des systèmes, le
disque dur est partagé en plusieurs partitions. Chaque partition peut
être montée dans un répertoire vide. Une configuration pourrait être,
par exemple :

Partition	Mount point
/dev/hda1	/
/dev/hda2	swap space
/dev/hda5	/usr
/dev/hda6	/var
/dev/hda7	/home

Supposons que vous vouliez encrypter la partition qui contient vos
répertoires home, c'est-à-dire /dev/hda7. Cela signifie que toute donnée
écrite sur cette partition sera encryptée : texte brut, fichiers
binaires, et même les données propres au système de fichiers (des choses
comme les informations sur les inodes, les noms de fichiers et de
répertoires, etc.).

Dans l'introduction, nous avons dit que CryptoAPI supportait
l'encryptage de systèmes de fichiers via le périphérique de loopback ;
nous allons maintenant expliquer ce mécanisme. La méthode traditionnelle
pour monter un système de fichiers, que ce soit au démarrage ou plus
tard, est l'utilisation de la commande mount. Nous pouvons, dans notre
exemple, monter les répertoires home par la commande suivante :

$ mount -t ext2 /dev/hda7 /home

... qui dit au noyau que le périphérique /dev/hda7 contient un système
de fichiers ext2 (le système de fichiers traditionnel sous GNU/Linux),
et que toute requête vers un fichier de /home doit aller vers cette
partition. Le périphérique de loopback ajoute un niveau de redirection
pour monter un système de fichiers. Au lieu de monter le système de
fichiers directement sur /home, on monte le système de fichiers sur le
périphérique de loopback, puis on monte ce dernier sur /home. Ceci a
l'effet de faire passer par le périphérique de loopback toutes les
commandes du noyau vers le système de fichiers.

-- figure 2 : le périphérique de loopback --

C'est à cette étape que toute commande peut être interceptée et modifiée
pour encrypter (pour une commande d'écriture) et décrypter (pour une
commande de lecture). Ici intervient le pilote cryptoloop. Une fois que
tout a été monté, chaque commande dirigée vers le système de fichiers
est interceptée par le périphérique de loopback, redirigée vers le
driver cryptoloop, qui la traite, puis la passe au système de fichiers.
Nous pouvons maintenant encrypter toutes les données sur la partition !

Vous pouvez aussi réléchir à la façon dont tout ceci s'insère dans le
schéma d'encryptage/décryptage du début. Le périphérique de loopback a
le rôle du chiffre, cryptoloop fournit la clé, et le système de fichiers
représente le texte en clair et le texte encrypté.

-- figure 3 : le filtre cryptoloop --

Il y a deux façons d'encrypter des fichiers sur votre système. L'une
utilise un vrai périphérique, tel qu'une partition de disque dur.
L'autre consiste en l'utilisation d'un très gros fichier contenant un
système de fichiers, qui sera monté via le périphérique de loopback.
Nous étudierons ici la seconde méthode.

La première étape est de créer un gros fichier ; plus il sera gros, plus
il pourra contenir de données, exactement comme une partition de disque
dur. De même, une fois que le fichier est créé, et qu'un système de
fichiers y est mis en place, nous ne pouvons plus le redimensionner sans
perdre les données qui y sont stockées.

Afin de créer ce gros fichier, nous devons le remplir de données pour
qu'il prenne de l'espace sur le disque dur. Nous le remplirons de
données pseudo-aléatoires, générées par le périphérique /dev/urandom. Il
serait aussi possible (et plus rapide) de le remplir de zéros, à l'aide
de /dev/zero. Toutefois, ceci permettrait à un-e éventuel-le
attaqueur/se de voir où sont stockées les données :

-- figure 4 ; un fichier rempli de zéros et de données aléatoires --

Les bandes représentent les zéros, et les carrés chaotiques représentent
les données stockées, qui semblent aléatoires. Comme vous pouvez le
constater, cela facilite grandement la tache d'un-e attaqueur/se, par
rapport à un périphérique de stockage semblant ne contenir que des
données aléatoires, comme ici :

-- figure 5 : un fichier rempli de données "aléatoires" --

Maintenant que nous avons expliqué comment tout ceci fonctionne,
configurons-le. Commençons par charger les quatre principaux modules
CryptoAPI dans le noyau :

1. cryptoapi, qui fournit l'interface générique pour les différents
chiffres

2. cryptoloop, l'interface entre les chiffres et le pilote loop

3. loop, le pilote patché avec lequel cryptoloop communique

4. cipher-x, où x est le chiffre que vous souhaitez utiliser

Pour charger les trois premiers modules, utilisons la commande modprobe
:

$ modprobe cryptoloop

Ceci devrait charger les modules cryptoapi, loop et cryptoloop dans le
noyau. Vous pouvez le vérifier avec la commande lsmod, qui devrait
donner quelque chose dans ce genre :

Module		Size	Used by		Not tainted
cryptoloop	1884	  0		(unused)
loop		7664	  0		[cryptoloop]
cryptoapi	3204	  0		[cryptoloop]

Il nous faut maintenant créer le fichier contenant des données
pseudo-aléatoires, avec la commande dd, avant de créer un système de
fichiers dessus. Le périphérique /dev/urandom génère des données
pseudo-aléatoires, à partir des données fournies par le périphérique
/dev/random. A la différence de /dev/random, il fournit un flux constant
d'octets, mais plus l'entropie fournie par /dev/random sera faible,
moins /dev/urandom sera aléatoire. Ceci fonctionne mieux quand des
événements aléatoires se produisent, comme des mouvements de souris. Par
conséquent, quand vous exécuterez la commande suivante, essayez de
déplacer votre souris, ou de taper énormément sur votre clavier. Ces
deux manipulations contribuent à la source d'entropie.

$ dd if=/dev/urandom of=/home/intrigeri/cryptofichier bs=1M count=50

Ceci créera un fichier de 50 Mo dans mon répertoire home. Cette étape
peut malheureusement prendre beaucoup de temps, selon la rapidité de
votre système. Puis nous devons charger un module fournissant un
chiffre. Dans ces exemples, j'utiliserai le chiffre nommé twofish). Tous
ces modules ont des noms préfixés par "cipher-" ; pour charger twofish
avec modprobe, nous exécuterons donc :

$ modprobe cipher-twofish

Nous pouvons maintenant monter ce fichier comme un périphérique de
stockage normal ; avant tout, utilisons la commande losetup :

$ losetup -e twofish /dev/loop0 /home/intrigeri/cryptofichier

L'option -e précise le chiffre devant êt eutilisé, qui est, dans notre
cas, twofish ; /dev/loop0 est le périphérique de loop que nous
utilisons, et /home/intrigeri/cryptofichier est le nom du fichier. Le
programme losetup vous demandera la taille de la clé (keysize) à
utiliser et un mot de passe, dans lequel j'ai entré '128' puis mon mot
de passe. En général, pour un chiffre donné, plus la clé est longue, et
plus vos données seront difficiles à décrypter par une attaque de type
"force brute". Toutefois, une clé de 128 bits pour un chiffre donné peut
être plus forte qu'une clé de 1024 bits pour un autre chiffre.

Votre mot de passe est utilisé pour générer la clé, mais point n'est
besoin qu'il ait la même longueur que la clé ; il serait en effet pour
le moins pénible de taper un mot de passe de 128 caractères pour générer
une clé de 1024 bits. Le mot de passe sera plutôt utilisé pour générer
une clé avec une fonction de hash.

Available keysizes (bits) : 128 192 256
Keysize: 128
Password:

Initialisons ensuite un système de fichiers, via le périphérique de loopback,
sur le fichier que nous avons créé, grâce à la commande mkfs :

$ mkfs -t ext2 /dev/loop0

Vous pouvez évidemment choisir le type du système de fichiers à créer,
mais cet exemple utilise ext2. Nous pouvons maintenant monter notre
système de fichiers exactement comme un périphérique de stockage normal,
avec la commande mount :

$ mount -t ext2 /dev/loop0 /mnt/crypto

Vous devriez maintenant pouvoir y copier des fichiers comme s'il
s'agissait d'un périphérique de stockage monté classique. Vous avez un
système de fichiers crypté, profitez-en ! Une question redondante sur la
liste de discussion linux-crypto est "Comment fait-on pour une partition
root cryptée ?". Ceci, bien qu'étant possible avec le périphérique
cryptoloop, n'est pas recommandé. L'impact sur les performances de la
machine serait en effet très mauvais, et cela nécessiterait quelques
modifications de la procédure d'initialisation du système. Il est plus
logique de n'encrypter que les informations "sensibles", comme un
répertoire home.

N'oubliez pas ensuite de démonter votre système de fichiers crypté et de
libérer le périphérique de loop, afin que quiconque souhaitant le monter
doive entrer le mot de passe.

$ umount /mnt/crypto
$ losetup -d /dev/loop0

Il est facile d'automatiser ces étapes avec des scripts shell, afin de
n'avoir pas à exécuter ces deux commandes pour le montage/démontage.

Note du traducteur : il est aussi possible d'intégrer votre système de
fichiers c