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Hello,

Recently I started to experience a problem mounting encrypted loopback filesystems, a problem very much like what Gabor Gludovatz has reported on this list before. What happens is that mount gives me the following error message when I run it on a loopback file:

EXT2-fs error (device loop(7,1)): ext2_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 16 not in group (block 4162330020)!
EXT2-fs: group descriptors corrupted !
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/loop1,
       or too many mounted file systems

This happened with files that I had burned on cd/rw media - therefor I'm pretty sure the content of the files hasn't changed between the time where it did work and now. After burning them I copied them over to my harddrive again and tried to loopback them to make sure everything was still there. This worked fine. However, after I moved to a different machine I started to experience the abovementioned problem.

I've experienced this with 3 different files now, so it seems like file corruption wouldn't be the problem. All these files were created using the 2.2.20 kernel with patch-int-2.2.18.3 applied. My system runs Debian, and when I moved to a different machine, instead of using Sid I started using Woody. The difference between the two is that Sid uses util-linux-2.11n4 whereas Woody has util-linux-2.11n2 - this seems to be the only package the would relate to the problem. The difference between these two versions of util-linux seems to be purely packaging-related, though. On both systems, I used the same kernel-image package (namely, the one I had compiled myself).

The one thing I'm rather anxious to know is, is there still a way to retrieve the contents of these files?
Will switching to 512byte IV calculations do me any good after I have formatted the filesystem and put data on it?

thanks in advance!
- - mailerror

>On Wed, 2001-12-05 at 14:07, Stephen.Thompson@bmwfin.com wrote:
>> I find that formatting it twice works.
>
>the reason of which btw has to do with soft blocksize;
>(which get's changed when you mount it the first time, and then stays
>that way when re-mkfs'ing...)
>
>I highly recommend to switch to 512byte IV calculation (which will
>become the default for the int. patch) in order to avoid such problems..
>
>regards,
>--
>Herbert Valerio Riedel       /    Phone: (EUROPE) +43-1-58801-18840
>Email: hvr@hvrlab.org       /    Finger hvr@gnu.org for GnuPG Public Key
>GnuPG Key Fingerprint: 7BB9 2D6C D485 CE64 4748  5F65 4981 E064 883F
>4142

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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sat Feb  2 01:31:01 2002
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

(Sorry for the last message, it doesn't wrap properly)

Hello,

Recently I started to experience a problem mounting encrypted loopback
filesystems, a problem very much like what Gabor Gludovatz has reported
on this list before. What happens is that mount gives me the following
error message when I run it on a loopback file:

EXT2-fs error (device loop(7,1)): ext2_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 16 not in group (block 4162330020)!
EXT2-fs: group descriptors corrupted !
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/loop1,
       or too many mounted file systems

This happened with files that I had burned on cd/rw media - therefor I'm
pretty sure the content of the files hasn't changed between the time where
it did work and now. After burning them I copied them over to my harddrive
again and tried to loopback them to make sure everything was still there.
This worked fine. However, after I moved to a different machine I started
to experience the abovementioned problem.

I've experienced this with 3 different files now, so it seems like file
corruption wouldn't be the problem. All these files were created using the
2.2.20 kernel with patch-int-2.2.18.3 applied. My system runs Debian, and
when I moved to a different machine, instead of using Sid I started using
Woody. The difference between the two is that Sid uses util-linux-2.11n4
whereas Woody has util-linux-2.11n2 - this seems to be the only package the
would relate to the problem. The difference between these two versions of
util-linux seems to be purely packaging-related, though. On both systems,
I used the same kernel-image package (namely, the one I had compiled myself).

The one thing I'm rather anxious to know is, is there still a way to retrieve
the contents of these files? Will switching to 512byte IV calculations do me
any good after I have formatted the filesystem and put data on it?

thanks in advance!
- - mailerror

>On Wed, 2001-12-05 at 14:07, Stephen.Thompson@bmwfin.com wrote:
>> I find that formatting it twice works.
>
>the reason of which btw has to do with soft blocksize;
>(which get's changed when you mount it the first time, and then stays
>that way when re-mkfs'ing...)
>
>I highly recommend to switch to 512byte IV calculation (which will
>become the default for the int. patch) in order to avoid such
>problems..
>
>regards,
>--
>Herbert Valerio Riedel       /    Phone: (EUROPE) +43-1-58801-18840
>Email: hvr@hvrlab.org       /    Finger hvr@gnu.org for GnuPG Public Key
>GnuPG Key Fingerprint: 7BB9 2D6C D485 CE64 4748  5F65 4981 E064 883F
>4142

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- ----------------------------------------------------------


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-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sat Feb  2 03:24:22 2002
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From:	"Ryan M. McConahy" <jfanonymous@yahoo.com>
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Subject: Upgrading from 2.2.20 int'l crypto
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Hi! I use the international crypto patch on 2.2.20, with relative block
numbers enabled. The crypto was done through losetup, not mount. (I think
it's cleaner, because then you can access it raw for debug, defrag, etc).

Can I just grab 2.4.17 and the crypto patch (and the loop patch) and
it'll work? Do I need a new util-linux? And what does the loop patch
do?

Thanks,

Ryan M. McConahy


_________________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com

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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sat Feb  2 03:57:39 2002
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From:	Dan Hollis <goemon@anime.net>
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On Sat, 2 Feb 2002, Ryan M. McConahy wrote:
> Hi! I use the international crypto patch on 2.2.20, with relative block
> numbers enabled. The crypto was done through losetup, not mount. (I think
> it's cleaner, because then you can access it raw for debug, defrag, etc).
> Can I just grab 2.4.17 and the crypto patch (and the loop patch) and
> it'll work? Do I need a new util-linux? And what does the loop patch
> do?

2.4.x crypto is not backwards compatible with 2.2.x crypto.

At least it didn't work for me :-(

-Dan
-- 
[-] Omae no subete no kichi wa ore no mono da. [-]

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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sat Feb  2 14:23:56 2002
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From:	linux.crypto@charsley.com (Mark Charsley)
Subject: Loop AES and linux 2.4.16
To:	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
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I had loop-AES 1.4e running fine with linux 2.4.8. I then upgraded my 
kernel to 2.4.16 to get ext3, and loop-AES stopped working. Upgrading to 
loop-AES 1.5b hasn't helped either.

With 1.4e, everything builds OK, but running depmod -a gives 

depmod: *** Unresolved symbols in /lib/modules/2.4.16/block/loop.o

and running "make tests" gives 

dd if=/dev/zero of=test-file1 bs=1024 count=10
10+0 records in
10+0 records out
cp test-file1 test-file3
echo 12345678901234567890 | losetup -p 0 -e AES128 /dev/loop7 test-file1
ioctl: LOOP_SET_STATUS: Invalid argument

presumably as a result of being unable to pull in a working loop.o module

With 1.5b everything build OK, depmod is happy, but again running "make 
tests" gives the same error.

The relevant bits out of /usr/src/linux/.config are

CONFIG_MODULES=y
CONFIG_MODVERSIONS=y
CONFIG_KMOD=y

# CONFIG_BLK_DEV_LOOP is not set

Can someone help a baffled Windows C++ developer diagnose what he's doing 
wrong?

Many TIA

Mark
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sun Feb  3 00:43:58 2002
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Mark Charsley wrote:
> I had loop-AES 1.4e running fine with linux 2.4.8. I then upgraded my
> kernel to 2.4.16 to get ext3, and loop-AES stopped working. Upgrading to
> loop-AES 1.5b hasn't helped either.
> 
> With 1.4e, everything builds OK, but running depmod -a gives
> 
> depmod: *** Unresolved symbols in /lib/modules/2.4.16/block/loop.o

When you compiled kernel 2.4.16 did you do:

    make modules && make modules_install

Also, try compiling loop.o like this:

    make LINUX_SOURCE=/path/to/your/kernel/source/dir

Regards,
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>

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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Tue Feb  5 00:36:05 2002
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> When you compiled kernel 2.4.16 did you do:
> 
>     make modules && make modules_install
> 
> Also, try compiling loop.o like this:
> 
>     make LINUX_SOURCE=/path/to/your/kernel/source/dir

Tried both of those. Of course when I do a step by step repeat, recording 
each command, it works perfectly. Murphy rules again...

Thanks for your help.

Mark
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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Thu Feb 14 15:13:52 2002
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From:	Michael Zhu <mylinuxk@yahoo.ca>
Subject: Loop Device on OpenBSD
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Hello,everyone,is there some kind of loop device on
OpenBSD? Just like that on Linux platform. I want to
do disk en/decryption on OpenBSD platform. Thanks.

Michael








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Subject: AW: Loop Device on OpenBSD
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> Von: Michael Zhu [mailto:mylinuxk@yahoo.ca]
> Gesendet: Thursday, February 14, 2002 3:13 PM
> An: linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
> Betreff: Loop Device on OpenBSD
> 
> 
> Hello,everyone,is there some kind of loop device on
> OpenBSD? Just like that on Linux platform. I want to
> do disk en/decryption on OpenBSD platform. Thanks.
> 
> Michael
>

Hi!

Well, this might not be directly to the point, but you might wanna check
out:

Encrypting Virtual Memory (found at http://www.openbsd.org/crypto.html, all
the way at the bottom of the page) Maybe a mail to the author of this paper
might help.

Cheers,
Dierk

Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 
    and Information Technology II
Sommerfeldstr. 24, 52074 Aachen
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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Thu Feb 14 16:11:27 2002
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Hi,

On Thu, Feb 14, 2002 at 09:12:51AM -0500, Michael Zhu wrote:
> Hello,everyone,is there some kind of loop device on
> OpenBSD? Just like that on Linux platform. I want to
> do disk en/decryption on OpenBSD platform. Thanks.

see:

http://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq14.html#MountImage
http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=vnd&sektion=4
http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=vnconfig&sektion=8

Cheers,
Hans
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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sun Feb 17 20:38:59 2002
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Hi,

I have a large amount of data which was encrypted via the old cryptoapi
(2.4.7.0) modules.  Since then, I've decided to try out the new international
crypto patch.  However, when I try to access my old cryptoapi data, I get the
following error:

[root@lain /]# mount -t iso9660 -o encryption=aes,loop /dev/cdrom /cdrom
Available keysizes (bits): 128 192 256
Keysize: 192
Password :
The cipher does not exist, or a cipher module needs to be loaded into the
kernel
ioctl: LOOP_SET_STATUS: Invalid argument

I do have the cryptoloop and cipher-aes modules loaded.  Is it going to be
possible to access my old cryptoapi encrypted data with the new patch-int?

-- 
Chris Schadl
cschadl@satan.org.uk

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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Mon Feb 18 03:51:01 2002
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Hmm, I just checked, and I get the same thing when trying to create a new
encrypted filesystem:

[root@lain /root]# dd if=/dev/urandom of=crypto-test bs=1M count=50
50+0 records in
50+0 records out
[root@lain /root]# losetup -e aes -k 192 /dev/loop0 /root/crypto-test
Password :
The cipher does not exist, or a cipher module needs to be loaded into the
kernel
ioctl: LOOP_SET_STATUS: Invalid argument

Here is what I have in /proc/crypto:
[root@lain /root]# ls -R /proc/crypto/
/proc/crypto/:
cipher  digest

/proc/crypto/cipher:
aes-cbc  aes-ecb  blowfish-cbc  blowfish-ecb  serpent-cbc  serpent-ecb

/proc/crypto/digest:
md5  sha1

Is there a problem with the util-linux patch I'm using? (I think that its
version 2.11h)  Or is this version of the patch just foobared?


Chris Schadl [17/02/02 13:39 -0600]:
> Hi,
> 
> I have a large amount of data which was encrypted via the old cryptoapi
> (2.4.7.0) modules.  Since then, I've decided to try out the new international
> crypto patch.  However, when I try to access my old cryptoapi data, I get the
> following error:
> 
> [root@lain /]# mount -t iso9660 -o encryption=aes,loop /dev/cdrom /cdrom
> Available keysizes (bits): 128 192 256
> Keysize: 192
> Password :
> The cipher does not exist, or a cipher module needs to be loaded into the
> kernel
> ioctl: LOOP_SET_STATUS: Invalid argument
> 
> I do have the cryptoloop and cipher-aes modules loaded.  Is it going to be
> possible to access my old cryptoapi encrypted data with the new patch-int?
> 
> -- 
> Chris Schadl
> cschadl@satan.org.uk
> 
> -
> Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
> Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/
> 

-- 
Chris Schadl
cschadl@satan.org.uk

-
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>>>>> "chris" == Chris Schadl <cschadl@satan.org.uk> writes:

chris> Hmm, I just checked, and I get the same thing when trying to create a new
chris> encrypted filesystem:

chris> [root@lain /root]# dd if=/dev/urandom of=crypto-test bs=1M count=50
chris> 50+0 records in
chris> 50+0 records out
chris> [root@lain /root]# losetup -e aes -k 192 /dev/loop0 /root/crypto-test
chris> Password :
chris> The cipher does not exist, or a cipher module needs to be loaded into the
chris> kernel
chris> ioctl: LOOP_SET_STATUS: Invalid argument

chris> Here is what I have in /proc/crypto:
chris> [root@lain /root]# ls -R /proc/crypto/
chris> /proc/crypto/:
chris> cipher  digest

I guess you need to also patch util-linux.

Later, Juan.

-- 
In theory, practice and theory are the same, but in practice they 
are different -- Larry McVoy
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Mon Feb 18 21:12:11 2002
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I've already patched util-linux.  I would find it rather creepy if losetup
were asking me for a password and keysize if I hadn't patched it.

Juan Quintela [18/02/02 17:50 +0100]:
> >>>>> "chris" == Chris Schadl <cschadl@satan.org.uk> writes:
> 
> chris> Hmm, I just checked, and I get the same thing when trying to create a new
> chris> encrypted filesystem:
> 
> chris> [root@lain /root]# dd if=/dev/urandom of=crypto-test bs=1M count=50
> chris> 50+0 records in
> chris> 50+0 records out
> chris> [root@lain /root]# losetup -e aes -k 192 /dev/loop0 /root/crypto-test
> chris> Password :
> chris> The cipher does not exist, or a cipher module needs to be loaded into the
> chris> kernel
> chris> ioctl: LOOP_SET_STATUS: Invalid argument
> 
> chris> Here is what I have in /proc/crypto:
> chris> [root@lain /root]# ls -R /proc/crypto/
> chris> /proc/crypto/:
> chris> cipher  digest
> 
> I guess you need to also patch util-linux.
> 
> Later, Juan.
> 
> -- 
> In theory, practice and theory are the same, but in practice they 
> are different -- Larry McVoy
> -
> Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
> Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/
> 

-- 
Chris Schadl
cschadl@satan.org.uk

-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Wed Feb 20 07:45:01 2002
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Date:	Wed, 20 Feb 2002 07:45:09 +0100
From:	Erik Kunze <Erik.Kunze@philosys.de>
To:	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Crypted CDROMs
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Hi all,

I'd like to crypt CDROMs, but can't get it working with ISO9660. Any other
filesystem does work!

What I did:

#> modprobe cryptoloop

#> dd if=/dev/urandom of=/tmp/cryptfile bs=2048 count=333000

#> echo "my_passwort" | \
    losetup -e aes --keybits 256 -p 0 /dev/loop1 /tmp/cryptfile

#> mkisofs -v -r -o /dev/loop1 /home/backup
#> mount -t iso9660 -o ro /dev/loop1 /mnt/cdrom
mount: Falscher Dateisystemtyp, ungültige Optionen, der
       »Superblock« von /dev/loop1 ist beschädigt oder es sind
       zu viele Dateisysteme gemountet

It doesn't recognise the filesystem as a valid ISO9660 filesystem. If I use
ext2 or reiserfs anything is fine.

In my next test I use the loop device again, this time without the chipper:

#> losetup /dev/loop1 /tmp/cryptfile
#> mkisofs -v -r -o /dev/loop1 /home/backup
#> mount -t iso9660 -o ro /dev/loop1 /mnt/cdrom

So what's wrong with ISO9660 on crypted files? Is this a fault of mkisofs,
cryptoapi or the filesystem driver?


-- 
   Dipl.-Ing. Erik Kunze               Phone: +49 - 89 - 32 14 07 41
   PHILOSYS Software GmbH              Fax:   +49 - 89 - 32 14 07 12
   Edisonstr. 6                        Email: Erik.Kunze@philosys.de
   D-85716 Unterschleissheim           WWW:   www.philosys.de/~kunze

 PGP-Key: http://blackhole.pca.dfn.de:11371/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0xD5759581
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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Wed Feb 20 09:37:56 2002
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Erik Kunze writes:

 > I'd like to crypt CDROMs, but can't get it working with ISO9660. 

(1) Create an ISO image just the same way you'd do for a normal
    unencrypted CD-ROM, say, "/tmp/test.img".

(2) losetup /dev/loop0 /tmp/test.img

(3) losetup -e aes /dev/loop1 /tmp/test.img

(4) dd if=/dev/loop0 of=/dev/loop1 bs=1M

(5) losetup -d /dev/loop0 && losetup -d /dev/loop1

(6) mount -o encryption=aes,ro /tmp/test.img

There you are.

        -peter
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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Wed Feb 20 18:40:38 2002
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Erik Kunze wrote:
> I'd like to crypt CDROMs, but can't get it working with ISO9660. Any other
> filesystem does work!
[snip]
> So what's wrong with ISO9660 on crypted files? Is this a fault of mkisofs,
> cryptoapi or the filesystem driver?

This is result of block-size-IV-syndrome, also called "time bomb" IV, where
IV computation depends on block size of underlying device. All international
crypto patches have that bug, and all cryptoapi versions that don't do 512
byte IV are also broken. Anyone using such broken stuff voluntarily is just
being crazy. This has been discussed on this list, just search the archives
for more info. I wish that people responsible for such fuck-up would have
the balls to admit it and at least warn people to not use such broken
versions.

All non-international-crypto-patch and non-cryptoapi versions of loop
encryption that I am aware of (ppdd, SuSE kernel twofish, Ingo Rohloff's
loop crypto, loop-AES, Mandrake kernel AES) do IV computation correctly
using 512 byte units.

Regards,
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Wed Feb 20 21:04:00 2002
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[ If this is explained somewhere else (HOWTO or FAQ), please give me a
pointer. ]

Is there any way to mix loop-device (and in particular) loop-AES and ext3
together in data journaling mode?

Ie.
bottom -> to -> top
ext3 - loop-AES - ext3
raw  - loop-AES - ext3

Or am I shooting myself to leg, I am?

BR, Jani

--
Jani Averbach


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Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Wed Feb 20 23:23:13 2002
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Subject: Re: Crypted CDROMs
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I don't think that the most recent version of cryptoapi (2.4.7.0) has this
particular problem.  I've used it to make quite a few encrypted ISO images
with out any trouble.

Jari Ruusu [20/02/02 19:38 +0200]:
> Erik Kunze wrote:
> > I'd like to crypt CDROMs, but can't get it working with ISO9660. Any other
> > filesystem does work!
> [snip]
> > So what's wrong with ISO9660 on crypted files? Is this a fault of mkisofs,
> > cryptoapi or the filesystem driver?
> 
> This is result of block-size-IV-syndrome, also called "time bomb" IV, where
> IV computation depends on block size of underlying device. All international
> crypto patches have that bug, and all cryptoapi versions that don't do 512
> byte IV are also broken. Anyone using such broken stuff voluntarily is just
> being crazy. This has been discussed on this list, just search the archives
> for more info. I wish that people responsible for such fuck-up would have
> the balls to admit it and at least warn people to not use such broken
> versions.
> 
> All non-international-crypto-patch and non-cryptoapi versions of loop
> encryption that I am aware of (ppdd, SuSE kernel twofish, Ingo Rohloff's
> loop crypto, loop-AES, Mandrake kernel AES) do IV computation correctly
> using 512 byte units.
> 
> Regards,
> Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>
> -
> Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
> Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/
> 

-- 
Chris Schadl
cschadl@satan.org.uk

-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Thu Feb 21 00:05:33 2002
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Right now, I'm creating a large encrypted filesystem (2gig, maybe I'll
downsize to 1). I am doing "dd if=/dev/urandom". When this is done, I'll
probably use 3DES-ede. Would it help/hurt to, on the mounted fs, do a "dd
if=/dev/urandom of=/cryptdisk/freespacewipefile"?

Thanks,

Ryan

BTW: Does anyone know if 2.2 crypto can work under 2.4?


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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Thu Feb 21 06:05:26 2002
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Jani Averbach wrote:
> Is there any way to mix loop-device (and in particular) loop-AES and ext3
> together in data journaling mode?

Device backed loops (ext3 -> loop -> device) don't have issues with ext3 or
any other journaled filesystems.

However, if loop is file backed (ext3 -> loop -> ext3 -> device), the
underlying file system must be mounted data=journal or data=ordered. If
underlying filesystem is mounted data=writeback or if it is plain old ext2,
write ordering expectation by journaled filesystem (ext3, reiserfs, jfs,
xfs, or whatever) on top of loop driver is not guaranteed, and journal
replay may corrupt data. Use of non-journaled file systems on top of file
backed loop don't have above mentioned write ordering issues, as they must
be repaired using fsck, not by replaying journal.

Regards,
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>
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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Thu Feb 21 06:07:06 2002
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"Ryan M. McConahy" wrote:
> Right now, I'm creating a large encrypted filesystem (2gig, maybe I'll
> downsize to 1). I am doing "dd if=/dev/urandom". When this is done, I'll
> probably use 3DES-ede. Would it help/hurt to, on the mounted fs, do a "dd
> if=/dev/urandom of=/cryptdisk/freespacewipefile"?

/dev/urandom is painfully slow. A much faster alternative is to setup a loop
with a random (and unknown) key, and then write zeroes to the loop device.
This example is from loop-AES' README file:

    dd if=/dev/urandom bs=15 count=1 2>/dev/null | uuencode -m - \
        | head -2 | tail -1 | losetup -p 0 -e AES128 /dev/loop2 /dev/hda666
    dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/loop2 bs=4k conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null
    losetup -d /dev/loop2

And then setup and initialize the loop with your _real_ key.

> BTW: Does anyone know if 2.2 crypto can work under 2.4?

Yes, if you use loop-AES.
No, if you use cryptoapi.

Use of 3DES-ede implies that you actually may enjoy slow crypto. If that is
the case, just stick to cryptoapi as it comes standard with bloat and slow
design. If you want speed and compatibility with all maintained stable
kernels (2.4.x 2.2.x 2.0.x), including distro vendor enhanced kernels,
loop-AES is a better choice.

Regards,
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


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On Thu, 2002-02-21 at 07:05, ext Jari Ruusu wrote:
> 
> > BTW: Does anyone know if 2.2 crypto can work under 2.4?
> 
> Yes, if you use loop-AES.
> No, if you use cryptoapi.

FWIW ppdd is also compatible between 2.2 and 2.4.

	- Panu -
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Hi Chris,

* Chris Schadl <cschadl@satan.org.uk> [020220 23:23]:
> 
> I don't think that the most recent version of cryptoapi (2.4.7.0) has this
> particular problem.  I've used it to make quite a few encrypted ISO images
> with out any trouble.

And how did you do the encryption. Would you please give us an example
(command sequence, script).

-- 
   Dipl.-Ing. Erik Kunze               Phone: +49 - 89 - 32 14 07 41
   PHILOSYS Software GmbH              Fax:   +49 - 89 - 32 14 07 12
   Edisonstr. 6                        Email: Erik.Kunze@philosys.de
   D-85716 Unterschleissheim           WWW:   www.philosys.de/~kunze

 PGP-Key: http://blackhole.pca.dfn.de:11371/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0xD5759581
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# dd if=/dev/urandom of=~/crypto.iso bs=1M count=650
# losetup -e aes -k 192 /dev/loop0 ~/crypto.iso
# mkisofs -r /stuff/SUPAR-SECRET-STUFF/ >/dev/loop0
# losetup -d /dev/loop0

Then you should be able to mount the encrypted iso image, or burn it to a
CD-ROM.

Erik Kunze [21/02/02 07:46 +0100]:
> Hi Chris,
> 
> * Chris Schadl <cschadl@satan.org.uk> [020220 23:23]:
> > 
> > I don't think that the most recent version of cryptoapi (2.4.7.0) has this
> > particular problem.  I've used it to make quite a few encrypted ISO images
> > with out any trouble.
> 
> And how did you do the encryption. Would you please give us an example
> (command sequence, script).
> 
> -- 
>    Dipl.-Ing. Erik Kunze               Phone: +49 - 89 - 32 14 07 41
>    PHILOSYS Software GmbH              Fax:   +49 - 89 - 32 14 07 12
>    Edisonstr. 6                        Email: Erik.Kunze@philosys.de
>    D-85716 Unterschleissheim           WWW:   www.philosys.de/~kunze
> 
>  PGP-Key: http://blackhole.pca.dfn.de:11371/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0xD5759581

-- 
Chris Schadl
cschadl@satan.org.uk

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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Thu Feb 21 17:35:47 2002
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From:	Andreas Schreier <a_schreier@firemail.de>
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I have deleted a loop-AES encrypted root partition by 
entering this command:
mkfs.ext2 /dev/hda6
Afterwards all I typed was:
mount /dev/hda6 /mnt
ls /mnt
ls /mnt/lost+found
umount /mnt
I haven't written any data on the partition. Is there a 
way to recover this partition?

Regards
Andreas
______________________________________________________
=DCber 1 Mio. Angebote - Startpreis Euro 1,- http://www.fireball.de/ebay.html 



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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Thu Feb 21 18:23:47 2002
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From:	Emil <el@la.mine.nu>
To:	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: Recovering a loop-AES encrypted root partition
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On 21 February 2002, Andreas Schreier <a_schreier@firemail.de> wrote:
> I have deleted a loop-AES encrypted root partition by
> entering this command:
> mkfs.ext2 /dev/hda6

> I haven't written any data on the partition. Is there a
> way to recover this partition?

Supposing you've used the same mkfs.ext2 command without any 
parameters when you first formated the encrypted partition, 
all superblocks and inode blocks are now scrambled because 
they've been overwritten with the new format command (those
blocks have been written to the same offsets in the partition). 

Since all inode information is gone the best you can do is
losetup -e AES /dev/loop5 /dev/hda6 and then manually extract
intact blocks from /dev/loop5 (using dd with skip= for example)

-- 
								Regards,
								Emil
--
Use PGP ! -> lynx -dump http://la.mine.nu/~emil/pgpemil.html | pgp -kaf
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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Fri Feb 22 00:42:24 2002
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Subject: Re: Recovering a loop-AES encrypted root partition
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On 21 February 2002, Andreas Schreier <a_schreier@firemail.de> wrote:
> How can I find out which blocks are intact and which are not
> intact? Does the filename and directory of the file I want
> to recover help? Thanks a lot for your help. I had no idea
> how to cope with the situation but you give me some hope!

If you didn't do any other operation on your partition (as you
said in your post) then ALL the data blocks are intact.
The problem is that you won't be able to tell which is a
used block and which is not; neither can you tell to what
file belonged each of the blocks or the file names and sizes.
The only way to recover that data is to manually examine the content
of each block. Of course you could use "grep" to find specific
strings in your blocks (or other tools).

If I would be in your place I would run the following script:
(of course after you've provided the right password to losetup)
----
#!/bin/sh

I=0
while [ 1 ]; do
  dd if=/dev/loop5 of=$I.blk bs=1024 count=1 skip=$I 2>&1 | grep -q "1+0" || break;
  I=$((I+1));
done
----
This will create a file for each block with the block number as the
file name. If your partition is big is a good idea to complicate
the script and put only a limited number of files per directory.

Blocks in a file tend to be consecutive so you might be able to recover at
least all your text files (use cat to join the blocks together).  The size of
the recovered files will be however multiple of 1k and you'll need to load them
in an editor and cut the garbage from the end.

-- 
								Regards,
								Emil
--
UNIX is user friendly. It's just picky about who its friends are.
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Fri Feb 22 04:57:38 2002
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From:	Justin <aa2@bigpond.net.au>
To:	el@la.mine.nu, linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: Recovering a loop-AES encrypted root partition
Date:	Fri, 22 Feb 2002 14:47:59 +1100
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Hi Andreas

Using "The Coroners Toolkit" on the encrypted device might also help you, but 
it's a long shot :

http://www.porcupine.org/forensics/tct.html

You use it for recovering information, generally after remote break-ins, but 
it could be useful here too.

Regards and best wishes,

Justin Clift


On Friday 22 February 2002 10:41, Emil wrote:
> On 21 February 2002, Andreas Schreier <a_schreier@firemail.de> wrote:
> > How can I find out which blocks are intact and which are not
> > intact? Does the filename and directory of the file I want
> > to recover help? Thanks a lot for your help. I had no idea
> > how to cope with the situation but you give me some hope!
>
> If you didn't do any other operation on your partition (as you
> said in your post) then ALL the data blocks are intact.
> The problem is that you won't be able to tell which is a
> used block and which is not; neither can you tell to what
> file belonged each of the blocks or the file names and sizes.
> The only way to recover that data is to manually examine the content
> of each block. Of course you could use "grep" to find specific
> strings in your blocks (or other tools).
>
> If I would be in your place I would run the following script:
> (of course after you've provided the right password to losetup)
> ----
> #!/bin/sh
>
> I=0
> while [ 1 ]; do
>   dd if=/dev/loop5 of=$I.blk bs=1024 count=1 skip=$I 2>&1 | grep -q "1+0"
> || break; I=$((I+1));
> done
> ----
> This will create a file for each block with the block number as the
> file name. If your partition is big is a good idea to complicate
> the script and put only a limited number of files per directory.
>
> Blocks in a file tend to be consecutive so you might be able to recover at
> least all your text files (use cat to join the blocks together).  The size
> of the recovered files will be however multiple of 1k and you'll need to
> load them in an editor and cut the garbage from the end.
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

On Thursday 21 February 2002 11:07, Panu Matilainen wrote:
<snip>
> > Yes, if you use loop-AES.
> > No, if you use cryptoapi.
>
> FWIW ppdd is also compatible between 2.2 and 2.4.
<snip>

And the 2.4 version uses CryptoAPI :-P

Marc

- -- 
Marc Mutz <mutz@kde.org>
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From:	Erik Kunze <Erik.Kunze@philosys.de>
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* Chris Schadl <cschadl@satan.org.uk> [020221 16:57]:
> Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2002 09:57:44 -0600
> From: Chris Schadl <cschadl@satan.org.uk>
> Subject: Re: Crypted CDROMs
> 
> # dd if=/dev/urandom of=~/crypto.iso bs=1M count=650
> # losetup -e aes -k 192 /dev/loop0 ~/crypto.iso
> # mkisofs -r /stuff/SUPAR-SECRET-STUFF/ >/dev/loop0
> # losetup -d /dev/loop0
> 
> Then you should be able to mount the encrypted iso image, or burn it to a
> CD-ROM.

That's how I did! Please read my initial posting! Mounting of the image
fails. I haven't tried to burn the image and mount the CDROM.

-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


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Chris Schadl wrote:

> # dd if=/dev/urandom of=~/crypto.iso bs=1M count=650

I consider 700MB the most common standard today and expect to have a 
stable maximum count of 359849 blocks with 2048 Bytes each - even from 
kodak ... ;-)

So i would use:

dd if=/dev/urandom of=cryptoimage.bin bs=2048 count=359000

You need about additional 35 Blocks for a minimum ISO header and 
lead-out zone.

> # losetup -e aes -k 192 /dev/loop0 ~/crypto.iso
> # mkisofs -r /stuff/SUPAR-SECRET-STUFF/ >/dev/loop0

It doesn't make sense using a container file through a loop device with
a iso9660 filesystem, because iso9660 is a format like a tarball, that 
could not be used read-write. Use a normal filesystem of you choise. 
Probably you would like to optimize the filesystem parameters for a 
700MB size and CDR usage. For example:

mke2fs -m 0 -T largefiles /dev/loopX
tune2fs -c 0 -i 0 /dev/loopX

if you've only a small count of larger files and want to optimize 
blocksize and inode count. Then you can backup the container file to CDR 
like any other file. If you like to be perfect make a e2fsck before.

That means you make normal, readable ISOs with your container file 
inside. You should not write any other raw formats (an an encrypted 
stream is not a know format) than well defined ISO standards to a CDR. 
You're drive could make troubles recognizing the CDR. Then a

mount /cdrom /X
mount /X/cryptoimage.bin /Y -o loop,encryption[...blabla]

should make it.

For a CDR-backup only usage i would take a approach with tar/cpio/afio | 
bzip2 | mcrypt | split

-- 
rainer@ellinger.de

-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Fri Feb 22 16:48:11 2002
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Subject: Re: Wiping free space on encrypted filesystem.
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Marc Mutz wrote:
> On Thursday 21 February 2002 11:07, Panu Matilainen wrote:
> > FWIW ppdd is also compatible between 2.2 and 2.4.
> 
> And the 2.4 version uses CryptoAPI :-P

Yes it does. Someone should have noticed that instead of doing:

    loop -> cryptoapi -> ppdd

it would have been faster, more efficient and more portable to do:

    loop -> ppdd

Thus completely eliminating the cryptoapi crap. Same silliness is also
present in cryptoapi versions of loop encryption:

    loop -> cryptoapi -> AES

Loop-AES code is faster and more efficient as it does not have unnecessary
slowdown layers:

    loop -> AES

Am I the only person on this planet who cares about efficiency and speed?

Regards,
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Fri Feb 22 17:33:44 2002
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From:	Emil <el@la.mine.nu>
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Cc:	Andreas Schreier <a_schreier@firemail.de>
Subject: Re: Recovering a loop-AES encrypted root partition
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> On Friday 22 February 2002 10:41, Emil wrote:
> > If you didn't do any other operation on your partition (as you
> > said in your post) then ALL the data blocks are intact.

After you've "backup" your blocks with the above method you can
also try a much better recovery strategy:

losetup -e AES /dev/loop5 /dev/hda6
mkfs.ext2 /dev/loop5

By formating your partition again (but through the loop) you won't
harm your partition anymore than you've already did because the
formating will write exactly the same blocks as it did the first time.

The advantage of this second format is that you will end up with a
mountable partition.

You may then use Midnight Commander compiled with the undel2fs support
and start undelete on /dev/loop5. This recovery will give you better
results because mc is able to reconstruct the files (but again without
file names, directory hierarchy or exact file size).

-- 
								Regards,
								Emil
--
When I Die, I want to go like my grandfather did, peacefully in his sleep.
Not yelling and screaming, like all the passengers in his car!
-
Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Fri Feb 22 19:23:58 2002
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On Fri, 22 Feb 2002, Jari Ruusu wrote:

> Am I the only person on this planet who cares about efficiency and speed?

NO, there are also Daniel J. Bernstein and Felix von Leitner. ;)

and i am quite happy to have reliable diskcrypto that does its
work in disk-speed while occupying less than half of my cpu
cycles. (loop-AES256, Athlon, IDE, XFS)

Gruss,
  Hauke

-- 
Hauke Johannknecht        Berlin / Germany        HJ422-RIPE
Use PGP ! -> lynx -dump http://www.ash.de/ash.asc | pgp -kaf


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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Fri Feb 22 20:45:00 2002
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From:	Rob McGee <i812@iname.com>
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Subject: Re: Migrating from cryptoapi-2.4.7.0 to patch-int-2.4.17
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On Sun, Feb 17, 2002 at 01:39:09PM -0600, Chris Schadl wrote:
> I do have the cryptoloop and cipher-aes modules loaded.  Is it going to be
> possible to access my old cryptoapi encrypted data with the new patch-int?

If that one was before the IV_mode change to 512 bytes, then your old
encrypted containers will not be accessible. You have to use the old
cryptoapi to read the data and write it to an encrypted filesystem which
uses the new drivers.

If you don't want to expose the data to an unencrypted filesystem, you
could use two connected machines, or probably better, user-mode Linux
(to run a kernel as a user-mode process, a virtual machine.)

HTH,

    Rob - /dev/rob0
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From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Fri Feb 22 21:10:09 2002
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> The only way to recover that data is to manually examine 
the content
> of each block. Of course you could use "grep" to find 
specific
> strings in your blocks (or other tools).

Thanks for the script! I ran it and I was able to recover 
some of my data by using grep. I noticed that it takes 
extremely long. After many hours the script had only read 
like 400 M. Unfortunately my /dev/hda6 was 2 G so it will 
take much longer. If I understand dd correctly, it doesn't 
leave out empty blocks, does it?
As I can't recover all the data at the moment and I need 
the space I would like to burn the partition on cds. I 
would like the data to remain encrypted so I guess I won't 
losetup it before burning. Is there a possibility to read 
the partition as it is and split it up into 700 M files? If 
I understood man dd correctly, I tell it to read the first 
700 000 blocks and the next time I tell it to skip the 
first 700 000 blocks, right? I am not sure how large the 
blocks have to be for burning on cd. Is it 1024 again? I 
haven't found out how to put the three 700 M files together 
again. Is that possible with dd too? I think I will have it 
in one large 2 G file and then losetup that file 
(via /dev/loop maybe?).
Thank you very much for the help. I am glad that I could 
already recover some parts of my data. Thanks!

Best regards
Andreas
______________________________________________________
=DCber 1 Mio. Angebote - Startpreis Euro 1,- http://www.fireball.de/ebay.html 



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Subject: Re: Wiping free space on encrypted filesystem.
Date:	Sat, 23 Feb 2002 14:56:15 +0100
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Cc:	Panu Matilainen <panu.matilainen@nokia.com>,
	"Ryan M. McConahy" <jfanonymous@yahoo.com>,
	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
References: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0202202256190.3986-100000@brick.hn.org> <200202211741.04169@sendmail.mutz.com> <3C7667A7.FF4FD52A@pp.inet.fi>
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On Friday 22 February 2002 16:45, Jari Ruusu wrote:
<snip>
> Am I the only person on this planet who cares about efficiency

No. You seem to be the only person who does  _not_ care for efficiency. 
loop-AES has it's own crypto stuff, freeS/WAN has it's own crypto 
stuff. xyz has it's own crypto stuff. That's very efficient, indeed. 
Both from a kernel size and from a developer time pov.

> and speed?
<snip>

Speed is secondary. Maintainablilty and code auditing is what matters 
here. If more modules use common cryptographic routines instead of 
everyone implementing their own, bugs get fixed faster and the overall 
product is better.

This is something _you_ don't want, obviously. You rather write the 
fivehundreth implementation of AES for kernel space instead of fixing 
the existing stuff. That wouldn't be much of a problem if you did stop 
bashing cryptoAPI. Yes, your code is better. It is even more 
performant. But it is an island solution. We don't need that, see? We 
need something that is _generic_. CryptoAPI is. At least it is more so 
than what other people have come up with. It's a _very_ good sign that 
the ppdd and cipe people start using cryptoAPI. It means that bugs get 
identified. That they are not fixed so fast as one would like is a 
pity. But whining that everyone starts using cryptoAPI doesn't help. 
Sending patches does. Bugging the maintainer to make sure they are 
applied, does.

There's more than disc encryption out there!

Marc

- -- 
Marc Mutz <mutz@kde.org>
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


From linux-crypto-bounce@nl.linux.org Sat Feb 23 15:59:47 2002
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From:	Andreas Schreier <a_schreier@firemail.de>
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Subject: Deleting/overwriting data
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I have recovered some data from my deleted loop-AES 
encrypted root partition. I saved it on a partition that is 
not encrypted. I would like to delete these files. This 
time they shouldn't be recoverable. How can I do that? I 
guess just doing 'rm my_files' will not be enough. Is there 
a good way to overwrite the data so that it can't be 
recovered? (I have a backup this time ;-))

Best regards
Andreas
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=DCber 1 Mio. Angebote - Startpreis Euro 1,- http://www.fireball.de/ebay.html 



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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/


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From:	Jerome Etienne <jme@off.net>
To:	Andreas Schreier <a_schreier@firemail.de>
Cc:	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: Deleting/overwriting data
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