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Reply-To: <stuart@bh90210.net>
From:	"IT3 Stuart B. Tener, USNR-R" <stuart@bh90210.net>
To:	"Jan-Benedict Glaw" <jbglaw@lug-owl.de>,
	<linux-crypto@nl.linux.org>
Subject: RE: Those damn army brats!
Date:	Thu, 2 Aug 2001 07:33:06 -0700
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Thu Aug  2 16:37:54 2001
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Reply-To: <stuart@bh90210.net>
From:	"IT3 Stuart B. Tener, USNR-R" <stuart@bh90210.net>
To:	"Michael T. Babcock" <mbabcock@fibrespeed.net>,
	<linux-crypto@nl.linux.org>
Subject: RE: Those damn army brats!
Date:	Thu, 2 Aug 2001 07:33:40 -0700
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Thu Aug  2 18:41:35 2001
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Date:	Thu, 02 Aug 2001 20:38:37 +0200
From:	Marc Mutz <Marc.Mutz@uni-bielefeld.de>
Subject: Re: Those damn army brats!
In-reply-to: <002f01c11922$838fb3e0$1b0fa8c0@dom1>
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

On Monday 30 July 2001 20:07, Michael T. Babcock wrote:
> > a. This is totally OT for this list
>
> Probably very true.
>
> > b. You're not using MIME attachments, but proprietary Windows
> > stuff. If you want us to even look at it, use MIME.
>
> Yes, actually, his message was perfectly MIME compliant.  Read the
> source.
<snip>

OK, please show me the RFC that defines application/ms-tnef :-)

Marc

- --
Marc Mutz <Marc@Mutz.com>
http://marc.mutz.com/
http://www.mathematik.uni-bielefeld.de/~mmutz/
http://EncryptionHOWTO.sourceforge.net/
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Thu Aug  2 20:18:59 2001
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From:	"Michael T. Babcock" <mbabcock@fibrespeed.net>
To:	"Marc Mutz" <Marc.Mutz@uni-bielefeld.de>,
	<linux-crypto@nl.linux.org>
References: <NBBBJHKIOKPKOGOEPEDPCEFCDMAA.stuart@bh90210.net> <0GHA00FCZ5BAJQ@mail.uni-bielefeld.de> <002f01c11922$838fb3e0$1b0fa8c0@dom1> <0GHG00A078YLVI@mail.uni-bielefeld.de>
Subject: Re: Those damn army brats!
Date:	Thu, 2 Aug 2001 14:20:51 -0400
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> > Yes, actually, his message was perfectly MIME compliant.  Read the
> > source.
> <snip>
>
> OK, please show me the RFC that defines application/ms-tnef :-)

You might want to be silent instead of sounding foolish.

application/ms-tnef is the type of data within a segment of the MIME
message.
The message is MIME compliant -- perfectly so.  It began and ended with
proper MIME separators and defined the data types of each of the sections of
the message, including the plaintext version your mail reader should have
presented you with.  If I'm not mistaken, the ms-tnef section may have even
been
labelled as alternative content; not as an attachment.

MIME compliance has _nothing_ to do with the data inside the MIME sections
if they are properly separated and labelled.  Your complaint is likely that
his mail
reader sends a second copy of the E-mail in a non-ASCII format; properly
MIME encapsulated.  If so, that is a potentially valid complaint, but has
little to
nothing to do with its MIME compliance.

Why don't _you_ read the RFCs?
--
Michael T. Babcock
CTO, FibreSpeed


Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Thu Aug  2 21:06:38 2001
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Subject: [OT] Re: Those damn army brats!
In-reply-to: <001601c11b7f$de15ed20$440fa8c0@garbobiii>
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
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On Thursday 02 August 2001 20:20, Michael T. Babcock wrote:
> > > Yes, actually, his message was perfectly MIME compliant.  Read
> > > the source.
> >
> > <snip>
> >
> > OK, please show me the RFC that defines application/ms-tnef :-)
>
> You might want to be silent instead of sounding foolish.
>
> application/ms-tnef is the type of data within a segment of the MIME
> message.

Of course.

> The message is MIME compliant -- perfectly so.  It began and ended
> with proper MIME separators and defined the data types of each of the
> sections of the message, including the plaintext version your mail
> reader should have presented you with.

Yes, this is correct.

> If I'm not mistaken, the
> ms-tnef section may have even been
> labelled as alternative content; not as an attachment.
>

Here you are wrong. It's actually multipart/mixed. He attached an 
example program or something like that. But instead of using the MIME 
way (attaching single files in a nested multipart/mixed or 
multipart/related body part), he used the Win way: application/ms-tnef, 
which KMail, being a compliant MIME mailer, interprets as 
application/octet-stream.

This is where my criticism started (that I can't read the attachment 
because it's some win-proprietary stuff instead of plain MIME).

> MIME compliance has _nothing_ to do with the data inside the MIME
> sections if they are properly separated and labelled.

Also this is correct.

> Your complaint
> is likely that his mail
> reader sends a second copy of the E-mail in a non-ASCII format;
> properly MIME encapsulated.

No, it's that he sends attachments in a win-proprietary format instead 
of in multiparts's (I must admit that I haven't got a clue about what 
application/ms-tnef is; I guess it's some kind of archive format or so).

> If so, that is a potentially valid
> complaint, but has little to
> nothing to do with its MIME compliance.
>

I must admit that labelling it "not MIME compliant" was a bit 
oversimplified. Please excuse me. I hope I have made clear what I 
meant, now.

> Why don't _you_ read the RFCs?

I have. Bet that I have ;-)

> --
> Michael T. Babcock
> CTO, FibreSpeed
<snip>

Marc

- -- 
Marc Mutz <Marc@Mutz.com>
http://marc.mutz.com/
http://www.mathematik.uni-bielefeld.de/~mmutz/
http://EncryptionHOWTO.sourceforge.net/
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Thu Aug  2 21:15:02 2001
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From:	David =?iso-8859-1?q?G=FCmbel?= <david.guembel@gmx.de>
Organization: -
To:	"Michael T. Babcock" <mbabcock@fibrespeed.net>,
	"Marc Mutz" <Marc.Mutz@uni-bielefeld.de>,
	<linux-crypto@nl.linux.org>
Subject: [OT] Re: Those damn army brats!
Date:	Thu, 2 Aug 2001 21:09:48 +0200
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Hello,


On Thursday,  2. August 2001 20:20, Michael T. Babcock wrote:
> > > Yes, actually, his message was perfectly MIME compliant.  Read the
> > > source.
> >
> > <snip>
> >
> > OK, please show me the RFC that defines application/ms-tnef :-)
>
> You might want to be silent instead of sounding foolish.
>
> application/ms-tnef is the type of data within a segment of the MIME
> message.
> The message is MIME compliant -- perfectly so.  It began and ended with
> proper MIME separators and defined the data types of each of the sections
> of the message, including the plaintext version your mail reader should
> have presented you with.  If I'm not mistaken, the ms-tnef section may have
> even been
> labelled as alternative content; not as an attachment.

As far as I get ist, what Marc (and others) is complaining about is the 
message <NBBBJHKIOKPKOGOEPEDPCEFCDMAA.stuart@bh90210.net>, sent on "Fri, 27 
Jul 2001 21:43:58 -0700". That one was of type "multipart/mixed". 
The "application/ms-tnef"-section therefore was not (and also should not have 
been) "labelled as alternative content". 

The question of this message being MIME-compliant or not is not exactly the 
point. But when I read RFC 1341, it says:

            The
            process  of  defining  new  content-subtypes,  then,  is not
            intended to be a mechanism for  imposing  restrictions,  but
            simply  a  mechanism  for publicizing the usages. There are,
            therefore,  two  acceptable  mechanisms  for  defining   new
            Content-Type subtypes:

                 1.  Private values (starting  with  "X-")  may  be
                      defined  bilaterally  between two cooperating
                      agents  without   outside   registration   or
                      standardization.

                 2.   New  standard  values  must  be   documented,
                      registered  with,  and  approved  by IANA, as
                      described in Appendix F.  Where intended  for
                      public  use,  the  formats they refer to must
                      also be defined by a published specification,
                      and possibly offered for standardization.


As I would guess (but don't exactly know) that MS has not taken step 2, the 
second (binary) part of the message schuld have had the 
application/octet-stream content type and have the MS-specific stuff done in 
a private header field, as stated in:

            7.8  Experimental Content-Type Values

            A Content-Type value beginning with the characters "X-" is a
            private  value,  to  be  used  by consenting mail systems by
            mutual agreement.  Any format without a rigorous and  public
            definition  must  be named with an "X-" prefix, and publicly
            specified  values  shall  never  begin  with  "X-".  


Most important and entirely independent of the MIME-compliancy of the message 
is the fact that you simply cannot send your data (source code in this case?) 
encoded in a proprietary format only readable with proprietary software to a 
list that deals with aspects of an operating system for which _no_ software 
exists that can read the format. You should really stick to the usual way of 
distributing code - make (compressed) tarballs. Which the sender did in a 
second message(see <NBBBJHKIOKPKOGOEPEDPGEGDDMAA.stuart@bh90210.net> ).

Another thing is that it would have been much better to upload the tarball to 
some place in the WWW and simply point interested parties to its URL. 
Distributing binary data of whichever size to a whole bunch of people of 
which you can tell that a maximum of five to ten percent will one day 
possibly look into it. Although 7 kb is not too much, I personally would 
consider it impolite. As says RFC 1855:

| Don't send large files to mailing lists when Uniform Resource Locators 
| (URLs) or pointers to ftp-able versions will do. If you want to send it as 
| multiple files, be sure to follow the culture of the group. If you don't
| know what that is, ask. 



Regards,



David Gümbel




-- 
"UNIX is basically a simple operating system, but you have to be a genius to 
understand the simplicity."
 -- Dennis Ritchie

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Thu Aug  2 21:37:37 2001
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Subject: Re: Those damn army brats!
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

>>>>> "Michael" == Michael T Babcock <mbabcock@fibrespeed.net> writes:

>> > Yes, actually, his message was perfectly MIME compliant.  Read the
>> > source.  <snip>
>> 
>> OK, please show me the RFC that defines application/ms-tnef :-)

Michael> You might want to be silent instead of sounding foolish.

Michael> application/ms-tnef is the type of data within a segment of the
Michael> MIME message.  The message is MIME compliant -- perfectly so.

RFC2046, section 6 (Experimental Media Type Values):
,----
| Any format without a rigorous and public definition must be named with
| an "X-" prefix...
`----

I believe that is what Marc was referring to.

So the MIME type should have been called "application/x-ms-tnef".

- -- 
Hubert Chan <hackerhue@geek.com> - http://www.geocities.com/hubertchan/
PGP/GnuPG key: 1024D/651854DF71FDA37F
Fingerprint: 6CC5 822D 2E55 494C 81DD  6F2C 6518 54DF 71FD A37F
Key available at wwwkeys.pgp.net.   Please encrypt *all* e-mail to me.
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Thu Aug  2 21:47:34 2001
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From:	David =?iso-8859-1?q?G=FCmbel?= <david.guembel@gmx.de>
Organization: -
To:	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: [OT] Re: Those damn army brats!
Date:	Thu, 2 Aug 2001 21:43:28 +0200
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On Thursday,  2. August 2001 21:09, David Gümbel wrote:

[a lot of stuff]
> As I would guess (but don't exactly know) that MS has not taken step 2, the
> second (binary) part of the message schuld have had the
> application/octet-stream content type and have the MS-specific stuff done
> in a private header field, as stated in:

The "private header field" part of that statement is nonsense. H.Chan is 
right, of course. And please replace "schuld" with "should" in your mind :-)


Regards,



David Gümbel
-- 
"Black holes are where god is dividing by zero."

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Thu Aug  2 21:49:56 2001
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From:	"Michael T. Babcock" <mbabcock@fibrespeed.net>
To:	<linux-crypto@nl.linux.org>
References: <NBBBJHKIOKPKOGOEPEDPCEFCDMAA.stuart@bh90210.net> <0GHG00A078YLVI@mail.uni-bielefeld.de> <001601c11b7f$de15ed20$440fa8c0@garbobiii> <01080221094800.01425@dix>
Subject: Re: [OT] Re: Those damn army brats!
Date:	Thu, 2 Aug 2001 15:52:04 -0400
MIME-Version: 1.0
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	charset="iso-8859-1"
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> Most important and entirely independent of the MIME-compliancy of the
message

... that is all I cared about in my response -- "... entirely independant of
..." -- now
Marc did point out that the attachment wasn't readable to non-MS mail
readers,
and this is correct (and was the part of my response labelled as 'if I'm not
mistaken'),
which I was.

> Another thing is that it would have been much better to upload the tarball
to
> some place in the WWW and simply point interested parties to its URL.

Unfortunately, URI-based peer-to-peer doesn't exist in a way that allows us
to
share large files on an on-demand basis yet without these types of decisions
being
made.  Hopefully they will be in the future ...

For example: p2pfile://mbabcock@fibrespeed.net/shared/source01.tar.gz
--
Michael T. Babcock


Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Thu Aug  2 23:05:47 2001
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 linux-crypto@nl.linux.org; Thu,  2 Aug 2001 23:03:32 +0200 (MET DST)
Date:	Fri, 03 Aug 2001 01:03:56 +0200
From:	Marc Mutz <Marc.Mutz@uni-bielefeld.de>
Subject: [OT] Re: Those damn army brats!
In-reply-to: <873d7aqmq0.fsf@hackerhue.ddts.net>
To:	Hubert Chan <hackerhue@geek.com>, linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

On Thursday 02 August 2001 21:35, Hubert Chan wrote:
<snip>
> RFC2046, section 6 (Experimental Media Type Values):
> ,----
>
> | Any format without a rigorous and public definition must be named
> | with an "X-" prefix...
>
> `----
>
> I believe that is what Marc was referring to.
>
> So the MIME type should have been called "application/x-ms-tnef".
<snip>

Actually, they (MS) registered ms-tnef with IANA, but as 
application/vnd.ms-tnef.
http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/media-types/application/vnd.ms-tnef

Marc

- -- 
Marc Mutz <Marc@Mutz.com>
http://marc.mutz.com/
http://www.mathematik.uni-bielefeld.de/~mmutz/
http://EncryptionHOWTO.sourceforge.net/
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Version: GnuPG v1.0.6 (GNU/Linux)
Comment: For info see http://www.gnupg.org

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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Fri Aug  3 00:27:01 2001
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To:	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Re: [OT] Re: Those damn army brats!
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

>>>>> "Marc" == Marc Mutz <Marc.Mutz@uni-bielefeld.de> writes:

Marc> On Thursday 02 August 2001 21:35, Hubert Chan wrote: <snip>
>> RFC2046, section 6 (Experimental Media Type Values):
>> ,----
>> | Any format without a rigorous and public definition must be named
>> | with an "X-" prefix...
>> `----
>> 
>> I believe that is what Marc was referring to.
>> 
>> So the MIME type should have been called "application/x-ms-tnef".
Marc> <snip>

Marc> Actually, they (MS) registered ms-tnef with IANA, but as
Marc> application/vnd.ms-tnef.
http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/media-types/application/vnd.ms-tnef

Hmm.  The RFC says that the format needs a "public definition".  Does
this "public definition" mean the definition included in the referenced
page?  Or does it mean that the file format itself has to have a public
definition?  Judging from all the registered application/vnd.* types,
I'm guessing the former (though I'd much more prefer the latter).

- -- 
Hubert Chan <hackerhue@geek.com> - http://www.geocities.com/hubertchan/
PGP/GnuPG key: 1024D/651854DF71FDA37F
Fingerprint: 6CC5 822D 2E55 494C 81DD  6F2C 6518 54DF 71FD A37F
Key available at wwwkeys.pgp.net.   Please encrypt *all* e-mail to me.
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sat Aug  4 20:22:33 2001
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Date:	Sat, 04 Aug 2001 21:11:49 +0300
From:	Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>
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To:	linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
Subject: Announce loop-AES-v1.3d file crypto package
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In short: If file crypto is all you need, this package is a hassle free
replacement for international crypto patch.

This package provides loadable Linux kernel module (loop.o) that has AES
cipher built-in. The AES cipher can be used to encrypt local file systems
and disk partitions. For more information about compiling and using the
driver, see the README file in the package.

Features:
- No source modifications to kernel. No patch hassles when a new version of
  kernel is released.
- Works with 2.4, 2.2 and 2.0 kernels.
- AES cipher is used in CBC mode. Supports 128, 192 and 256 bit keys.
- Passwords hashed with SHA-256, SHA-384 or SHA-512.
- 512 byte based IV. IV is immune to variations in transfer size and does
  not depend on file system block size.

Changes since previous release:
- loop.c-2.4.original updated to Alan Cox's 2.4.7-ac5 version (ext3
  changes), and Makefile updated to compile that version on older kernels as
  well.

Kernel 2.4 users who use file backed loop devices on ext3 filesystem AND
your kernel IS NOT stock Linus or Alan kernel, should upgrade to this
version. No need to upgrade if you use older 2.2 or 2.0 kernels.

bzip2 compressed tarball is here:

    http://loop-aes.sourceforge.net/loop-AES-v1.3d.tar.bz2
    md5sum 9480d6e6a1ebe96ee7499fd8cb4eaffa

PGP signature file, my public key, and fingerprint here:

    http://loop-aes.sourceforge.net/loop-AES-v1.3d.tar.bz2.sign
    http://loop-aes.sourceforge.net/PGP-public-key.asc
    1024/3A220F51 5B 4B F9 BB D3 3F 52 E9  DB 1D EB E3 24 0E A9 DD

Regards, 
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sun Aug  5 02:42:05 2001
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Subject: Re: Announce loop-AES-v1.3d file crypto package
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On 2001-08-04, Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi> wrote:

> This package provides loadable Linux kernel module (loop.o) that has
> AES cipher built-in. The AES cipher can be used to encrypt local file
> systems and disk partitions. For more information about compiling and
> using the driver, see the README file in the package.

My laptop really wants swsusp (suspend to swap), which of course wants to
be encrypted.  There's a long-standing caveat that using loop-encryption
for a swap partition will blow up (memory allocations are done in the
encrypt+write out path, which will die when we are swapping).  However,
it's not clear to me if this is a problem with the 'crypto-api' patches or
not (for instance, ppdd is supposed to be able to handle it, so it's
probably not a problem with the basic loop.o driver).  Do you know if
loop-AES does/should have a problem with encrypted swap?  Or if, even
better, it's tested and known to work?  

Thanks,

Hank Leininger <hlein@progressive-comp.com> 
Who is too lazy to just set this up & beat on it until smoke comes out.

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sun Aug  5 08:59:49 2001
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Subject: RE: Announce loop-AES-v1.3d file crypto package
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

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Date:	Sun, 05 Aug 2001 09:54:32 +0300
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Subject: Re: Announce loop-AES-v1.3d file crypto package
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Hank Leininger wrote:
> My laptop really wants swsusp (suspend to swap), which of course wants to
> be encrypted.  There's a long-standing caveat that using loop-encryption
> for a swap partition will blow up (memory allocations are done in the
> encrypt+write out path, which will die when we are swapping).  However,
> it's not clear to me if this is a problem with the 'crypto-api' patches or
> not (for instance, ppdd is supposed to be able to handle it, so it's
> probably not a problem with the basic loop.o driver).  Do you know if
> loop-AES does/should have a problem with encrypted swap?  Or if, even
> better, it's tested and known to work?

Loop-AES does the alloc/release, so it can't be used to encrypt swap.

Regards,
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sun Aug  5 09:14:34 2001
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Date:	Sun, 05 Aug 2001 10:07:53 +0300
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"IT3 Stuart B. Tener, USNR-R" wrote:
> I am curious if your loop-aes virtual filesystem can be resized at all in
> anyway? Suppose I create a 1GB encrypted disk, and need to expand it by
> 500MB, is that possible in a "partition magic" style way? I know partition
> magic is not going to do it (for a plethora of reasons), but do you plan a
> utility to do just that (grow an encrypted drive) if the underlying hard
> ware device has space available?

Loop-AES is not a filesystem. It is a loop device with built in AES
encryption. If you expand the underlying partition or file, the loop device
will grow accordingly. Of course, loop device must not be mounted at time of
expansion.

Regards,
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sun Aug  5 10:46:22 2001
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Date:	Sun, 5 Aug 2001 04:44:54 -0400 (EDT)
From:	Hank Leininger <hlein@progressive-comp.com>
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On Sun, 5 Aug 2001, Jari Ruusu wrote:

> Hank Leininger wrote:
> > probably not a problem with the basic loop.o driver).  Do you know if
> > loop-AES does/should have a problem with encrypted swap?  Or if, even
> > better, it's tested and known to work?
>
> Loop-AES does the alloc/release, so it can't be used to encrypt swap.

Bummer :(  How hard would this be to change; do you have any plans to
support it?  If I ask really nicely?  (Is it even possible--perhaps the
ability to allocate/release memory is what helps it be fully reentrant,
etc, not depending on static buffers, and so this can't be changed?)

Looks like it's Loop-AES for filesystems and ppdd for swap.  Messy :(
[ That is, assuming ppdd's encrypted-swap support works as advertized. ]

Thanks,

Hank Leininger <hlein@progressive-comp.com>


Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sun Aug  5 16:02:32 2001
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Message for an old thread, found sitting here unsent.

"IT3 Stuart B. Tener, USNR-R" wrote:

>         I think that without having to learn a great deal about the rules of
> entropy weighting, and such, a nice thing to do would be to determine (I
> think Peter will wonder about this too), what would provide a strong and
> usable encryption standard for appliance operator users? I am not so into
> crypto that I care to learn all about entropy and such, I am interested in
> learning some basic rules, which I can apply to using these technologies.

One basic, and often distinctly inconvenient, rule is the old "chain is as
strong as its weakest link" line. 

For example, if an attacker can guess your passphrase in some practical
(depending on attacker resources) number of tries, then he has an attack,
no matter how strong everything else is. On the other hand, if your
passphrase is impossible to remember so you write it down, then there's
another possible attack.
  
> a) What encryption standard is strongest, and can be used to not slow my
> work down to such a point that I start to dislike using the encryption at
> all? I will presume that AES falls into this category

It certainly should be. The process was open and public, many of the
world's best-known cryptographers were involved, and no-one found holes.
Of course, there are no guarantees.

> b) What rules ought we follow to generate a useful pass phrase, which will
> keep us secure?

Basically, it has to be something you can remember perfectly, but guessing
it must be impractical for an attacker. 

Entropy is just a measure of how  hard that guessing is. For example, saying
a passphrase has 20 bits of entropy can mean there are 2^20 possibilities,
all equally likley. Or perhaps there are more possibilities, but with some
bias in their likelyhoods so the search is only 2^20 hard.

Normal English text has little entropy, certainly under 3 bits/character,
so almost any meaningful chunk of English is a bad passphrase. Any other
language is likely just as bad. Mixing languages should make an attack
a little harder.

Any choice from a short list provides little entropy if the attacker
can be expected to discover the list. There are < 64 US states, so
< 6 bits per state name.  

A well-known quote is worse than random text. An attacker might construct
a list of, say, the 1000 best-known quotes in English and try them all.
Or even 100,000. If the attacker knows the target's politics, taste in
music or favorite authors, that knowledge can guide the search.

Anything the attacker can reasonably discover -- your date of birth,
social security number, ... -- cannot be counted on to provide much
entropy.

The suggestion that started this thread -- using randomly-chosen words
from a long list so you get about 15 bits per word, then adding a few
other little fiddles to get a passphrase with 90-bit entropy -- is a
good one.

People have used mangled quotes. Instead of following on predictably
(zero entorpy) from "Now is the time for all good men ...", use
"yesterday is the motorcycle for some bleeding wombats to ...".
Correctly chosen, such a sequence can be memorable and improbable.

However, it might not be all that hard to write a program to generate
these mangled versions, given a list of quotes, a dictionary and a 
set of replacement rules. The rules might say, for example, that a noun
can only be replaced with another noun

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sun Aug  5 18:48:12 2001
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Date:	Sun, 05 Aug 2001 19:42:01 +0300
From:	Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>
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"IT3 Stuart B. Tener, USNR-R" wrote:
> a) Presuming that I create a loop-aes device and place NTFS on the device.
>    Do you plan a Windows 2000 implementation of loop-aes at all, such that
>    loop-aes encrypted files could be decrypted under W2K (there are
>    drivers for W2K to read ext2 filesystems also)? I recently was told of
>    a product called "BestCrypt" (yeah it is commercial, but it does also
>    work, is not badly over priced either).

No Winblows support from me.

> b) Since loop-aes is an encryption layer between the OS and filesystem,
>    how much overhead do you suspect it will place upon a filesystem to do
>    its encryption work?

Loop device is a layer between filesystem and disk driver. Software
encryption has some overhead, but on my primary system speed of AES is
faster than what my disk can transfer.

> a) LOOP-AES is implemented
> b) A filesystem is placed onto a loop device
> c) Wont increasing the size of the physical file affect the encryption?

No.

> d) How would such an increase in the file size be accomplished?

man dd

> e) If it was accomplished (with ReiserFS installed), ReiserFS can expand
>    itself to encompass the new physical space

Thats right.

Regards,
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sun Aug  5 18:49:42 2001
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Subject: Re: Announce loop-AES-v1.3d file crypto package
References: <010108050428580.11841-100000@marc1.theaimsgroup.com>
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Hank Leininger wrote:
> On Sun, 5 Aug 2001, Jari Ruusu wrote:
> > Loop-AES does the alloc/release, so it can't be used to encrypt swap.
> 
> Bummer :(  How hard would this be to change; do you have any plans to
> support it?  If I ask really nicely?  (Is it even possible--perhaps the
> ability to allocate/release memory is what helps it be fully reentrant,
> etc, not depending on static buffers, and so this can't be changed?)

Well, if loop driver has no right to modify the original data in-place and
does not have right to allocate buffer to hold the encrypted data, what can
you do?

Patches are welcome.

Regards,
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Mon Aug  6 01:37:10 2001
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From:	lam wai wm <00028911@brookes.ac.uk>
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Subject: Questions about implementation.
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Hi all,

I'm a student who want to implement a kernel module with the 
functionality of linux/crypto.h.  I have read the program in 
the directory of testing and I try to place some code in the 
kernel module.  But when I compile the kernel module, it prompt 
me that.

tester2.c:125: warning: implicit declaration of function 
`cryptoapi_init'
tester2.c:127: warning: implicit declaration of function 
`find_cipher_by_id'

And I've tried to look for the function of "find_cipher_by_id" 
in the source code, but I could not find it.  Would you please 
tell me where can I look for it.

In the kernel module that I'm implementating, could you give 
some advices/pointers to me that I can implement the kernel 
module with the functionality of crypto.h.  Because I've stuck 
for serveral days and try to solve it, but I still have no idea 
how can I rememdy these problems.


Thanks, thanks a lot

marco.





Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Mon Aug  6 06:14:48 2001
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Subject: RE: Announce loop-AES-v1.3d file crypto package
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Mon Aug  6 09:19:05 2001
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To:	lam wai wm <00028911@brookes.ac.uk>
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On Mon, 6 Aug 2001, lam wai wm wrote:

> Hi all,
>
> I'm a student who want to implement a kernel module with the
> functionality of linux/crypto.h.  I have read the program in
> the directory of testing and I try to place some code in the
> kernel module.  But when I compile the kernel module, it prompt
> me that.
>
> tester2.c:125: warning: implicit declaration of function
> `cryptoapi_init'
> tester2.c:127: warning: implicit declaration of function
> `find_cipher_by_id'

are you compiling within kernel space? i.e. is __KERNEL__ defined?

> And I've tried to look for the function of "find_cipher_by_id"
> in the source code, but I could not find it.  Would you please
> tell me where can I look for it.

it's defined in crypto.h and implemented in cryptoapi.c

btw, I'd really recommend you to take a look at
http://cryptoapi.sourceforge.net/ as well... since that branch is more
up to date...

> In the kernel module that I'm implementating, could you give
> some advices/pointers to me that I can implement the kernel
> module with the functionality of crypto.h.  Because I've stuck
> for serveral days and try to solve it, but I still have no idea
> how can I rememdy these problems.

if you want you can send me parts of your sourcecode, so I can tell you
exactly what's wrong...

-- 
Herbert Valerio Riedel       /    Phone: (EUROPE) +43-1-58801-18840
Email: hvr@hvrlab.org       /    Finger hvr@gnu.org for GnuPG Public Key
GnuPG Key Fingerprint: 7BB9 2D6C D485 CE64 4748  5F65 4981 E064 883F 4142


Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Mon Aug  6 12:57:24 2001
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Date:	Mon, 06 Aug 2001 14:55:43 +0200
From:	Marc Mutz <Marc.Mutz@uni-bielefeld.de>
Subject: Re: [OT] Re: Those damn army brats!
In-reply-to: <87g0bap0cx.fsf@hackerhue.ddts.net>
To:	Hubert Chan <hackerhue@geek.com>, linux-crypto@nl.linux.org
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

On Friday 03 August 2001 00:23, Hubert Chan wrote:
> >>>>> "Marc" == Marc Mutz <Marc.Mutz@uni-bielefeld.de> writes:
<snip>
> Hmm.  The RFC says that the format needs a "public definition".
<snip>

rfc2048 has all the gory details. Esp. Sect. 2.1

Marc

- -- 
The intensity and complexity of life, attendant upon advancing 
civilization, have rendered necessary some retreat from the world, and 
man, under the refining influence of culture, has become more sensitive 
to publicity, so that solitude and privacy have become more essential 
to the individual; but modern enterprise and invention have, through 
invasions upon his privacy, subjected him to mental pain and distress, 
far greater than could be inflicted by mere bodily injury.
S.D. Warren/L.D. Brandeis: The Right to Privacy, Harvard Law Review 
vol.IV, no.5 (1890)
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Tue Aug  7 03:53:06 2001
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To:	"Jari Ruusu" <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>
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Subject: RE: Announce loop-AES-v1.3d file crypto package
Date:	Mon, 6 Aug 2001 18:49:53 -0700
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Tue Aug  7 11:35:32 2001
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Date:	Tue, 07 Aug 2001 12:34:08 +0300
From:	Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>
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Subject: Re: Announce loop-AES-v1.3d file crypto package
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"IT3 Stuart B. Tener, USNR-R" wrote:
> Mr. Ruusu:
> With your permission, I would like to know if you would mind if I
> circulated your software amongst windows programmers to see if someone
> with a background in Windows, and with the same knowledgebase you have
> would be interested in reworking a windows version.

Loop-AES is licensed under GPL. GPL gives you right to use, modify and
distribute it as long as you don't violate the terms of the license.

Regards,
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Tue Aug  7 13:28:00 2001
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Subject: RE: Announce loop-AES-v1.3d file crypto package
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sat Aug 11 08:25:27 2001
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Subject: Standardizing encrypted device formats
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	I have recently set up a couple of my computers to run with
an encrypted loopback root filesystem (with a small unencrypted
/boot partition that does some fancy initial ramdisk machinations).
I have done this both with loop-AES and with the kerneli patches,
once I saw Jari Ruusu's comment about the problem with cryptoapi
being that its initial value calcuations are dependent on block size.

	I believe that Jari addresses this initial value problem
in his loop-AES code with the following change to drivers/block/loop.c:

@@ -181,7 +273,7 @@
 	len = bh->b_size;
 	data = bh->b_data;
 	while (len > 0) {
-		int IV = index * (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE/bsize) + offset/bsize;
+		int IV = index * (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE >> 9) + (offset >> 9);
 		size = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - offset;
 		if (size > len)

	...and a few other places with essentially the same change.

	The problem with Jari's formula is that it will give different
initial values on architectures with a different PAGE_CACHE_SIZE.

	I propose that we adopt a formula of the initial value being
the low 32 bits of:  (byte_offset + (byte_offset>>32)).

	In other words, the calculation in the above patch would
become something like this, which I am just typing in without testing:

	u32 IV = (index>>PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT) + offset +
		(index << (32-PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT));

	I would really like to see this standardized quickly, because
changing formats would be a really pain once a lot of people start
running completely encrypted systems.

Adam J. Richter     __     ______________   4880 Stevens Creek Blvd, Suite 104
adam@yggdrasil.com     \ /                  San Jose, California 95129-1034
+1 408 261-6630         | g g d r a s i l   United States of America
fax +1 408 261-6631      "Free Software For The Rest Of Us."

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sat Aug 11 08:36:31 2001
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Subject: Suggested kerneli changes
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	I would like to suggest the following kerneli changes, which
I am willing to implement if contributions from a US citizen are
considered OK by the kerneli maintainer, and if the reaction to them
is generally positive.

	1. I want to make the Initial Value change that I described in
	   my previous email so that the IV is independent of both
	   machine page size and device block size.

	2. I want to change cryptoapi so that loop devices can be
	   configued by ioctl's that use strings rather that cipher
	   ID's and that allow for information like key length to
	   be retrieved by the ioctl.  That way user level programs
	   like losetup will not have to be updated to reflect the
	   specific set of ciphers available in the kernel cryptoapi
	   patch, and the kernel could automatically try to load the
	   cipher-foo module when it is asked to configure an unknown
	   cipher "foo" (with the usual precaustions about bogus
	   module names).  It should be easier to get the smaller change
	   accepted in util_linux.

	3. I want to separate the resulting core cryptoapi code
	   from the ciphers.  The cryptoapi core would then be more
	   manageable patch, which we should campaign to get included
	   into the standard Linux kernels.  The ciphers could be
	   distributed as one or more separate packages that could
	   build as standalone modules without needing to patch
	   the kernel.

	Does this plan look OK?

Adam J. Richter     __     ______________   4880 Stevens Creek Blvd, Suite 104
adam@yggdrasil.com     \ /                  San Jose, California 95129-1034
+1 408 261-6630         | g g d r a s i l   United States of America
fax +1 408 261-6631      "Free Software For The Rest Of Us."

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sat Aug 11 11:43:39 2001
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Date:	Sat, 11 Aug 2001 12:41:58 +0300
From:	Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>
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"Adam J. Richter" wrote:
>         I have recently set up a couple of my computers to run with
> an encrypted loopback root filesystem (with a small unencrypted
> /boot partition that does some fancy initial ramdisk machinations).
> I have done this both with loop-AES and with the kerneli patches,
> once I saw Jari Ruusu's comment about the problem with cryptoapi
> being that its initial value calcuations are dependent on block size.
> 
>         I believe that Jari addresses this initial value problem
> in his loop-AES code with the following change to drivers/block/loop.c:
> 
> @@ -181,7 +273,7 @@
>         len = bh->b_size;
>         data = bh->b_data;
>         while (len > 0) {
> -               int IV = index * (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE/bsize) + offset/bsize;
> +               int IV = index * (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE >> 9) + (offset >> 9);
>                 size = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - offset;
>                 if (size > len)
> 
>         ...and a few other places with essentially the same change.
> 
>         The problem with Jari's formula is that it will give different
> initial values on architectures with a different PAGE_CACHE_SIZE.

IV computation in loop-AES is correct. IV is computed in 512 byte units
regardless or PAGE_CACHE_SIZE, meaning that each 512 byte chunk has unique
IV. This is optimal because minimum addressable unit on block devices is 512
bytes.

>         I propose that we adopt a formula of the initial value being
> the low 32 bits of:  (byte_offset + (byte_offset>>32)).
> 
>         In other words, the calculation in the above patch would
> become something like this, which I am just typing in without testing:
> 
>         u32 IV = (index>>PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT) + offset +
>                 (index << (32-PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT));
> 
>         I would really like to see this standardized quickly, because
> changing formats would be a really pain once a lot of people start
> running completely encrypted systems.

Your proposition does not make sense, sorry. Everyone dealing with loop IV
(at least me, Herbert Valerio Riedel, Jens Axboe and Andrea Arcangeli)
agree that 512 byte units is the best solution.

Regards,
Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi>

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sat Aug 11 16:51:09 2001
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hello,

On Fri, 10 Aug 2001, Adam J. Richter wrote:
> 	I would like to suggest the following kerneli changes, which
> I am willing to implement if contributions from a US citizen are
> considered OK by the kerneli maintainer, and if the reaction to them
> is generally positive.
[..]
> 	Does this plan look OK?
?

it sounds as if you are suggesting things which have been
already accomplished...

please take a closer look at http://cryptoapi.sourceforge.net/... you
might recognize some of your suggestions more or less implemented
already...

btw, the cryptoapi is not ready yet for being proposed for kernel
inclusion yet, it's still work in progress...

the IV calculation thing on the other hand has already been proposed,
and we hope, that it will go in real soon now...

-- 
Herbert Valerio Riedel       /    Phone: (EUROPE) +43-1-58801-18840
Email: hvr@hvrlab.org       /    Finger hvr@gnu.org for GnuPG Public Key
GnuPG Key Fingerprint: 7BB9 2D6C D485 CE64 4748  5F65 4981 E064 883F 4142


Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sun Aug 12 06:42:50 2001
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Jari Ruusu <jari.ruusu@pp.inet.fi> writes:
>IV computation in loop-AES is correct. IV is computed in 512 byte units
>regardless or PAGE_CACHE_SIZE, meaning that each 512 byte chunk has unique
>IV. This is optimal because minimum addressable unit on block devices is 512
>bytes.

	You're right.  I botched the math.  Your calculation produces
the same initial values on systems with a different PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
because the value of the page number will change accordingly.  I
should have tried to include a calculation of an example before claiming
there was a problem.  I apologize for making a misguided posting.

Adam J. Richter     __     ______________   4880 Stevens Creek Blvd, Suite 104
adam@yggdrasil.com     \ /                  San Jose, California 95129-1034
+1 408 261-6630         | g g d r a s i l   United States of America
fax +1 408 261-6631      "Free Software For The Rest Of Us."

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Sun Aug 12 18:43:47 2001
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I've used the i-kernel for years now, but I'm having trouble installing it
on a laptop I'm using.  I patched the standard 2.2.18 kernel with the
2.2.18-3 i-kernel patch, compiled and booted and created a file to store
the data with no problems, but:

$ losetup -e serpent /dev/loop3 ./.cryptfile
Unsupported encryption type serpent

I've tried the obvious spelling variations ('serpent', 'Serpent', etc.)
and tried using AES instead, tried recompiling util-linux (2.10p) and
reinstalling mount, umount, losetup.  No joy.  All the encryption stuff
is compiled into the kernel (not as modules), and in my syslog is the
following

[...]
Aug 11 19:23:34 tosh kernel: cryptoapi: Registered rijndael (16)
Aug 11 19:23:34 tosh kernel: cryptoapi: Registered rijndael-cbc (65552)
Aug 11 19:23:34 tosh kernel: cryptoapi: Registered aes (18)
Aug 11 19:23:34 tosh kernel: cryptoapi: Registered aes-cbc (65554)
Aug 11 19:23:34 tosh kernel: cryptoapi: Registered serpent (7)
Aug 11 19:23:34 tosh kernel: cryptoapi: Registered serpent (65543)
[...]

I looked, and /proc/crypto{cipher,digest} are there, with aes, aes-cbc,
serpent, serpent-cbc, etc.  I'm using progeny debian 1.0.  I did remember
to point the util-linux configure script at the right kernel headers.

Do I need a more recent util-linux?  I coulnd't see anything in the
(util-linux) changelog that related to that.

Thanks for any help


John


Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Mon Aug 13 12:52:26 2001
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From:	=?iso-8859-1?q?S=F8ren=20Kongstad?= <kongstad@kongstad.net>
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Subject: Cant compile cryptoapi from CVS in cryptoapi.sourceforge.net
Date:	Mon, 13 Aug 2001 12:50:34 -0400
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Hi
I am rather new in linux programming, and I am having problems with compiling 
the CVS source for cryptoapi. There is no configure file in the CVS archive, 
and I dont know enough to edit the "old" configure file.

I specifically want to try to compile the tests in the tests directory, to 
see how to use the api in "real life", and have tried to include  the "tests" 
directory in the source found in http://www.hvrlab.org/pub/crypto/. I have 
come as far as making testcip.o but I do not know what to link against to 
make it work.

I made testcip with this command - executed in the tests directory:
 gcc  -I../include -I./ testcip.c -o testcip.o     

Any help would be appreciated


Sĝren Kongstad

Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Mon Aug 13 14:32:05 2001
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I've released cryptoapi-2.4.7.0 right now;
you can download the source tarball from the projects' file section on
sourceforge;

after unpacking, just do a

./configure --enable-test-tools

to enable building of the test_cipher tool;

it's main use for now is to test the ciphers against known test vectors
and it is used by the test_vektor.sh;

On Mon, 13 Aug 2001, Sĝren Kongstad wrote:

> Hi
> I am rather new in linux programming, and I am having problems with compiling
> the CVS source for cryptoapi. There is no configure file in the CVS archive,
> and I dont know enough to edit the "old" configure file.
>
> I specifically want to try to compile the tests in the tests directory, to
> see how to use the api in "real life", and have tried to include  the "tests"
> directory in the source found in http://www.hvrlab.org/pub/crypto/. I have
> come as far as making testcip.o but I do not know what to link against to
> make it work.
>
> I made testcip with this command - executed in the tests directory:
>  gcc  -I../include -I./ testcip.c -o testcip.o
>
> Any help would be appreciated
>
>
> Sĝren Kongstad
>
> Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
> Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/
>

-- 
Herbert Valerio Riedel       /    Phone: (EUROPE) +43-1-58801-18840
Email: hvr@hvrlab.org       /    Finger hvr@gnu.org for GnuPG Public Key
GnuPG Key Fingerprint: 7BB9 2D6C D485 CE64 4748  5F65 4981 E064 883F 4142



Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Mon Aug 13 20:10:44 2001
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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

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Linux-crypto:  cryptography in and on the Linux system
Archive:       http://mail.nl.linux.org/linux-crypto/

From owner-linux-crypto@nl.linux.org Wed Aug 15 00:24:05 2001
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